Who Controls the Internet? Beyond the Obstinacy or Obsolescence of the State
Who Controls the Internet? Beyond the Obstinacy or Obsolescence of the State
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谁控制互联网？
DOI：
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
G. Giacomello
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Johan Eriksson;G. Giacomello
编者按：互联网的全球扩散是否意味着国家控制社会的能力的最终终结，或者相反，国家是否保持甚至加强了对社会的控制？一些观察家采取了后一种立场，最近的金匠和Wu（2006），谁控制了互联网？而批评者认为这是严重的误导，国际制度和无数的非国家行为者，如私营公司和非政府组织在互联网治理中发挥更大的作用（Mathiason 2007）。在我们看来，这种结构化的辩论可能会重复一个更古老（而且基本上陷入僵局）的辩论，即民族国家是“顽固还是过时”（霍夫曼，1966），这也反映在关于全球化的更大辩论中。本次论坛1的目标是重新审视这一辩论，并最终通过讨论哪些行为者在什么条件下控制着互联网使用的哪些方面来解决这一问题。这是一个简短的介绍，在第一篇文章中，由编辑写的。以下贡献表明，与其对谁控制互联网寻求最后的定论，不如解开数字时代控制的复杂性，以及现有分析的多样性和初步性质。也正是出于这个原因，我们邀请了各种观点的贡献者，包括国家中心主义的坚定捍卫者（Hamoud Salhi），揭示互联网控制中公私合作伙伴关系复杂性的贡献者（Myriam Dunn Cavaldam），以及强调复杂性（J.P. Singh），互动性和话语（M.I.富兰克林）。我们相信，本论坛作者的全球范围和空间来源意味着经验和观点，有助于揭示新的见解和相互影响，这超越了以美国为中心的国际关系主流观点。
Editors’ Note: Does the global diffusion of the Internet signify the final end of the state's ability to control society, or is the state on the contrary maintaining or even strengthening its hold of society? Several observers have taken the latter position, most recently Goldsmith and Wu (2006) , authors of Who Controls the Internet?, while critics claim this is grossly misleading, and that international regimes and a myriad of nonstate actors such as private firms and nongovernmental organizations play a much greater role in Internet governance ( Mathiason 2007 ). In our view, thus structured, such debate risks reiterating a much older (and largely stalemated) debate about whether the nation-state is “obstinate or obsolete” ( Hoffman 1966 ), mirrored also in the larger debate about globalization. The goal of the present Forum 1 is to reexamine and ultimately problematize this debate by discussing what actors are controlling what aspects of Internet usage, and under what conditions. A brief introduction to this is given in the first essay, written by the Editors. The following contributions demonstrate that, rather than seeking a final word on who controls the Internet, it is more fruitful to unpack the complexity of control in the digital age, and indeed the diversity and preliminary nature of available analyses. It is also for this reason we have invited contributors who elaborate a variety of perspectives, including a stout defender of state-centrism (Hamoud Salhi), a contributor who unravels the complexity of public–private partnerships in Internet control (Myriam Dunn Cavelty), and advocates of more critical perspectives emphasizing complexity (J.P. Singh), interactivity and discourse (M.I. Franklin). We believe that the global scope and spatial origins of the authors in this Forum imply experiences and outlooks which help reveal new insights and cross-fertilizations, which goes beyond the dominant US-centered perspectives on international relations in general …