Nukak: Ethnoarchaeology of an Amazonian People
Nukak: Ethnoarchaeology of an Amazonian People
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努卡克：亚马逊民族的民族考古学
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
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通讯作者：
G. Politis
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文献类型：
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作者：
G. Politis
*简介*努卡克人和马库人*努卡克人的近代史*接触史*以前的研究*环境*地理学和土壤*努卡克地区环境的植物地貌*最后考虑*民族考古学*理论和方法*伦理和技术*民族考古学*南美洲的民族考古学*田野工作*数据收集。方法：技术和问题*伦理学*结束语*社会政治组织和宇宙学*社会政治组织*意识形态和宇宙学*最终考虑*避难所和营地*避难所的建筑*居住营地*其他类型的营地*最后评论*空间和废弃模式的使用*居住营地活动区*在居住营地占用期间丢弃模式*废弃拒绝*废物的象征性和交流维度*讨论*居住和后勤流动性：日常觅食旅行*领土的多个维度*居住机动性*后勤机动性*日常觅食旅行*最后考虑*传统技术*Nukak和采用西方技术*传统技术*Nukak技术的社会和意识形态层面*最终考虑*生存*非驯化植物*动物资源*昆虫副产品资源*鱼类和水生动物*栽培*殖民地食物*食物的概念方面*年度循环和野生果园的建立*讨论*结论*动物开发，加工和丢弃*被猎杀和禁忌动物*狩猎和加工策略*骨骼丢弃模式*屠宰模式和骨骼丢弃的考古学可见性*运输*结论*最终考虑*努卡克人作为狩猎-采集者*领土和机动性*植物的使用*技术*狩猎和食物禁忌*亚马逊狩猎-采集者的西方观点*最后一句*附录1.日常觅食旅行样本*附录2.Nukak猎物获取造成的骨骼表现和表面骨骼修改的模式。古斯塔沃·马丁内斯
* Introduction* The Nukak and the Maku * Recent history of the Nukak* History of contact* Previous studies* Environment* Physiography and soils* Plant physiognomy of the environments in Nukak territory* Final considerations* Theory and Methods* Ethics and Techniques* On ethnoarchaeology* Ethnoarchaeology in South America* Fieldwork* Data Collection. Methods, techniques and problems* Ethics* Concluding remarks* Socio-political Organization and Cosmology* Socio-political organization* Ideology and cosmology* Final Considerations* Shelters and Camps* Architecture of the shelter* The residential camp* The construction of residential camps* Other types of camps* Final remarks* The Use of Space and Discard Patterns* Residential camp activity areas* Discard patterns during residential camp occupation* Abandonment refuse* The symbolic and communicative dimension of waste* Discussion* Residential and Logistical Mobility: Daily Foraging Trips* The multiple dimensions of territory* Residential mobility* Logistical mobility* Daily foraging trips* Final Considerations* Traditional Technology* The Nukak and the adoption of Western technology* Traditional technology* The social and ideological dimensions of Nukak technology* Final Considerations* Subsistence* Non-domesticated plants* Animal resources* Insect and insect by-product resources* Fish and aquatic animal* Cultivation* Food from the colonos* The ideational aspect of food* The Annual Circle and the creation of wild orchards* Discussion* Conclusion* Animal Exploitation, Processing and Discard* Hunted and taboo animals* Hunting and processing strategies* Bone discard pattern* Archaeological visibility of butchering patterns and bone discard* Transport* Conclusions* Final Considerations* The Nukak as hunter-gatherers* Territory and mobility* The use of plants* Technology* Hunting and food taboos* The Western view of Amazonian hunter-gatherers* Final words* Appendix 1. Sample of Daily Foraging Trips* Appendix 2. Patterns of Bone Representation and Surface Bone Modification Caused by Nukak Prey Acquisition. Gustavo A. Martinez