Solubility of nano-zinc oxide in environmentally and biologically important matrices.
Solubility of nano-zinc oxide in environmentally and biologically important matrices.
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DOI：
10.1002/etc.708
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发表时间：
2012-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Ranville JF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Reed RB;Ladner DA;Higgins CP;Westerhoff P;Ranville JF
越来越多的工程纳米颗粒(NPs)的制造和使用导致ENPs释放到环境中并暴露在生物体中的可能性更大。特别是，氧化锌是有毒的，尽管目前还不清楚这种毒性是由于纳米氧化锌(ZnO)、溶解于锌离子，还是它们的某种组合。这项研究的目的是确定商业上可获得的和内部合成的氧化锌在用于环境命运和运输或生物毒性研究的基质中的相对溶解度。氧化锌在纳米水(7.18-7.40 mg/L溶解锌，过滤测定)和罗斯威尔公园纪念研究所介质(RPMI1640)(~5 mg/L)中有较大的溶解，但在杜贝科改进的Eagle‘s介质(DMEM)中观察到更多的溶解，其中溶解的锌浓度超过34 mg/L，中等硬度的水表现出低锌溶解度，可能是由于碳酸锌固相的析出。RPMI中含锌固相的析出似乎也限制了锌的溶解度。在这些基质中，即使在溶解超过1,000小时后，关于氧化锌溶解度的平衡条件也不明显。这些结果表明，溶液化学对氧化锌的溶解有很大的影响，并且由于难溶固相的析出，导致锌的溶解受到限制。
Increasing manufacture and use of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) is leading to a greater probability for release of ENPs into the environment and exposure to organisms. In particular, zinc oxide (ZnO) is toxic, although it is unclear whether this toxicity is due to the zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO), dissolution to Zn2+, or some combination thereof. The goal of this study was to determine the relative solubilites of both commercially available and in-house synthesized ZnO in matrices used for environmental fate and transport or biological toxicity studies. Dissolution of ZnO was observed in nanopure water (7.18– 7.40 mg/L dissolved Zn, as measured by filtration) and Roswell Park Memorial Institute medium (RPMI-1640) (~5 mg/L), but much more dissolution was observed in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM), where the dissolved Zn concentration exceeded 34 mg/L. Moderately hard water exhibited low zinc solubility, likely due to precipitation of a zinc carbonate solid phase. Precipitation of a zinc-containing solid phase in RPMI also appeared to limit zinc solubility. Equilibrium conditions with respect to ZnO solubility were not apparent in these matrices, even after more than 1,000 h of dissolution. These results suggest that solution chemistry exerts a strong influence on ZnO dissolution and can result in limits on zinc solubility due to precipitation of less soluble solid phases.