Linkages Between Dynamic Phytoplankton C:N:P and the Ocean Carbon Cycle Under Climate Change
Linkages Between Dynamic Phytoplankton C:N:P and the Ocean Carbon Cycle Under Climate Change
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DOI：
10.5670/oceanog.2020.203
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发表时间：
2020-06
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Katsumi Matsumoto;T. Tanioka;R. Rickaby
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Katsumi Matsumoto;T. Tanioka;R. Rickaby
稳定的摘要。全球海洋生物地球化学的建模者开始呈现生物学家长期以来在实验室和野外观察到的一种现象：浮游植物的元素化学计量相当灵活。如今，人们普遍认识到，浮游植物和颗粒有机物中的 C:N:P 比率在洋盆尺度上可能存在很大差异。最近的数据表明，与传统的雷德菲尔德比率 C:N:P = 106:16:1 相比，该比率在贫营养副热带环流中要高得多（~195:28:1），在富营养极地水域中要低得多（~78:13:1）。这种变异模式是根据浮游植物孵化实验的结果得出的，表明养分可用性和温度等环境因素是重要的驱动因素。我们对全球变暖和冰川条件下全球海洋碳循环的模型模拟表明，浮游植物生理和群落组成控制着全球 C:N:P 输出。模型结果还表明，南大洋海冰通过改变南大洋浮游植物对全球生产的比例贡献，在确定全球出口化学计量方面发挥着重要作用。海冰在变暖过程中退缩，在冰川作用过程中扩张，尽管信号相反，但都可以通过改变浮游植物生理和群落组成来提高全球输出的碳：氮：磷比率，从而在每种情况下以不同的方式改变浮游植物的生理和群落组成。全球平均出口 C:N:P 比率将从控制运行中的 113:16:1 增加到未来运行中的 2100 年的 119:17:1，并在冰川运行中增加到 140:16:1。较高的出口 C:N:P 比率的影响是强烈缓冲碳出口，以应对这两种情况的变化。
stabil-ABSTRACT. Modelers of global ocean biogeochemistry are beginning to represent a phenomenon that biologists have long observed in laboratory and field settings: that the elemental stoichiometry of phytoplankton is quite flexible. Today, it is well recognized that the C:N:P ratio in phytoplankton and particulate organic matter can vary substantially on ocean basin scales. Recent data show that, compared to the traditional Redfield ratio C:N:P = 106:16:1, the ratio is much higher in the oligotrophic subtropical gyres (~195:28:1) and much lower in eutrophic polar waters (~78:13:1). This pattern of variability, informed by results from phytoplankton incubation experiments, indicates that environmental factors such as nutrient availability and temperature are important drivers. Our model simulations of the global ocean carbon cycle under global warming and glacial conditions suggest that phytoplankton physiology and community composition control global C:N:P export. Model results also indicate the important role that Southern Ocean sea ice plays in determining the global export stoichiometry by altering the proportional contribution of Southern Ocean phytoplankton to global production. Sea ice retreat under warming and expansion under glaciation, while opposite in sign, can both elevate the global export C:N:P ratio by altering phytoplankton physiology and community composition in contrasting ways between each scenario. The global mean export C:N:P ratio increases from 113:16:1 in the control run to 119:17:1 by the year 2100 in the future run and to 140:16:1 in the glacial run. The impact of higher export C:N:P ratios is to strongly buffer carbon export against change for both scenarios.