Effect of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis supplementation in diets with low- and high-protein content on ileal crude protein and amino acid digestibility and intestinal microbiota composition of growing pigs.
Effect of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis supplementation in diets with low- and high-protein content on ileal crude protein and amino acid digestibility and intestinal microbiota composition of growing pigs.
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DOI：
10.1186/s40104-017-0168-2
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
7
通讯作者：
Rosenfelder-Kuon P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kaewtapee C;Burbach K;Tomforde G;Hartinger T;Camarinha-Silva A;Heinritz S;Seifert J;Wiltafsky M;Mosenthin R;Rosenfelder-Kuon P
芽孢杆菌似乎是一种替代抗菌生长促进剂，以改善动物的健康和性能。然而，关于芽孢杆菌属的影响的信息很少。结合不同的膳食粗蛋白（CP）水平对回肠消化率和微生物群组成的影响。因此，本研究的目的是确定芽孢杆菌属的影响。补充低蛋白（LP）和高蛋白饮食（HP）对回肠CP和氨基酸（AA）消化率和肠道微生物群组成的影响。选用8头体重为28.5kg的回肠插管猪，随机分成3个周期，每个周期16 d，每组8头。试验日粮基于小麦-大麦-豆粕，具有两个蛋白质水平：LP（14%CP，饲喂）和HP日粮（18%CP，饲喂）。LP和HP日粮中添加或不添加芽孢杆菌属。在0.04%的水平（进食时）。测定了粗蛋白和氨基酸的回肠表观消化率（AID）和标准消化率（SID）。通过Illumina扩增子测序和定量实时PCR分析来自回肠直肠的细菌群落组成。采用SAS软件中的GLIMMIX程序进行2 × 2析因设计。补充芽孢杆菌属（Bacillus spp.）不影响生长猪CP和AA的AID和SID。HP组和LP组的粗蛋白和氨基酸的AID差异不显著，但胱氨酸、谷氨酸、甘氨酸和脯氨酸的SID显著低于HP组（P < 0.05）。HP日粮增加了双歧杆菌属的丰度。和乳杆菌属，（P < 0.05），通过扩增子测序，后者被鉴定为具有芽孢杆菌属的来自HP的微生物群中的优势属，而芽孢杆菌属（Bacillus spp.）罗斯拜瑞氏菌的丰度增加（P < 0.05）。HP饮食增加了乳酸杆菌属的丰度。和双歧杆菌属（Bifidobacterium spp.）芽孢杆菌属的补充。导致更高丰度的健康肠道相关细菌，而不影响回肠CP和AA消化率，而LP日粮可减少未消化蛋白质向猪大肠的流动。
Bacillus spp. seem to be an alternative to antimicrobial growth promoters for improving animals’ health and performance. However, there is little information on the effect of Bacillus spp. in combination with different dietary crude protein (CP) levels on the ileal digestibility and microbiota composition. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of Bacillus spp. supplementation to low- (LP) and high-protein diets (HP) on ileal CP and amino acid (AA) digestibility and intestinal microbiota composition. Eight ileally cannulated pigs with an initial body weight of 28.5 kg were randomly allocated to a row-column design with 8 pigs and 3 periods of 16 d each. The assay diets were based on wheat-barley-soybean meal with two protein levels: LP (14% CP, as-fed) and HP diet (18% CP, as-fed). The LP and HP diets were supplemented with or without Bacillus spp. at a level of 0.04% (as-fed). The apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of CP and AA was determined. Bacterial community composition from ileal digesta was analyzed by Illumina amplicon sequencing and quantitative real-time PCR. Data were analyzed as a 2 × 2 factorial design using the GLIMMIX procedures of SAS. The supplementation with Bacillus spp. did not affect both AID and SID of CP and AA in growing pigs. Moreover, there was no difference in AID of CP and AA between HP and LP diets, but SID of cystine, glutamic acid, glycine, and proline was lower (P < 0.05) in pigs fed the HP diets. The HP diets increased abundance of Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp., (P < 0.05) and by amplicon sequencing the latter was identified as predominant genus in microbiota from HP with Bacillus spp., whereas dietary supplementation of Bacillus spp. increased (P < 0.05) abundance of Roseburia spp.. The HP diet increased abundance of Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp.. The supplementation of Bacillus spp. resulted in a higher abundance of healthy gut associated bacteria without affecting ileal CP and AA digestibility, whereas LP diet may reduce the flow of undigested protein to the large intestine of pigs.