Toward a Sociology of Artificial Intelligence: A Call for Research on Inequalities and Structural Change
Toward a Sociology of Artificial Intelligence: A Call for Research on Inequalities and Structural Change
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DOI：
10.1177/2378023121999581
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发表时间：
2021-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Kelly Joyce;Laurel Smith‐Doerr;Sharla N. Alegria;Susan E. Bell;T. Cruz;Steve G. Hoffman;S. Noble;Benjamin Shestakofsky
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kelly Joyce;Laurel Smith‐Doerr;Sharla N. Alegria;Susan E. Bell;T. Cruz;Steve G. Hoffman;S. Noble;Benjamin Shestakofsky
本文概述了人工智能社会学(AI)的研究议程。作者回顾了社会学理论和方法对不平等和人工智能研究做出重大贡献的两个领域：(1)算法、数据和代码的政治；(2)人工智能在实践中的社会塑造。作者将强调交叉性不平等和社会结构的社会学方法与其他学科对人工智能的社会维度的方法进行了对比，后者往往对社会层面的理解薄弱，并强调个人层面的干预。这篇界定范围的文章邀请社会学家使用该学科的理论和方法工具来分析人工智能系统何时以及如何使不平等更持久。社会学家有能力确定不平等如何嵌入社会的方方面面，并指出结构性社会变革的途径。因此，社会学家应该在想象和塑造人工智能未来方面发挥主导作用。
This article outlines a research agenda for a sociology of artificial intelligence (AI). The authors review two areas in which sociological theories and methods have made significant contributions to the study of inequalities and AI: (1) the politics of algorithms, data, and code and (2) the social shaping of AI in practice. The authors contrast sociological approaches that emphasize intersectional inequalities and social structure with other disciplines’ approaches to the social dimensions of AI, which often have a thin understanding of the social and emphasize individual-level interventions. This scoping article invites sociologists to use the discipline’s theoretical and methodological tools to analyze when and how inequalities are made more durable by AI systems. Sociologists have an ability to identify how inequalities are embedded in all aspects of society and to point toward avenues for structural social change. Therefore, sociologists should play a leading role in the imagining and shaping of AI futures.