Cocaine conditioning and cocaine sensitization: what is the relationship?
Cocaine conditioning and cocaine sensitization: what is the relationship?
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DOI：
10.1016/s0166-4328(97)00126-5
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发表时间：
1998-04-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Gui, JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carey, RJ;Gui, JM
随着可卡因的反复使用，可卡因的条件性行为发展成相关的刺激，此外，可卡因的非条件性刺激作用也可能发生敏化。探讨反复使用可卡因的条件性和非条件性行为效应之间的关系。两组大鼠(n=7)每天给予5次可卡因配对治疗(10 mg/kg，i.p)。紧接着在露天环境中放置20分钟之前。(其他组在测试前注射生理盐水或不配对的可卡因：在回家休息30分钟后给予。当在野外用生理盐水测试条件性效应时，两组配对可卡因选择性地表现出实质和同等的可卡因条件性反应。其中一组n：AS接受有效消除可卡因条件性反应的消退程序。随后，在实验的第一阶段，所有接受过可卡因的大鼠。配对和不配对的动物以及一组生理盐水动物被给予可卡因(10 mg/kg ip)。挑战测试。与生理盐水和未配对的可卡因动物相比，配对的可卡因动物表现出更早的可卡因诱导的行为反应(致敏)。重要的是，敏化效应不受消退的影响，此外，条件性反应也不影响敏化效应。提示可卡因药物反应阻断了可卡因的条件性反应。在这项致敏测试之后，对动物进行了条件反射的重新测试。在这项测试中，没有经历过灭绝程序的配对可卡因动物仍然表现出条件性的可卡因反应，而经历过灭绝程序的配对可卡因组与生理盐水对照组没有区别。尽管本研究结果表明，巴甫洛夫条件反应对外部感觉背景线索的反应并不直接影响可卡因诱导的行为敏化效应，但敏化效应是特定于背景的，因此与联想过程有关。我们认为，情境特异性是由外部感觉刺激和内部感觉可卡因药物线索组成的复合刺激复合体所介导的。此外，这些与可卡因相关的外感和内感线索有效地加速了可卡因效应的发生，从而促进了可卡因的成瘾能力。(C)1998 Elsevier Science B.V.保留所有权利。
With repeated cocaine use, cocaine conditioned behavior develops to associated stimuli, and in addition, sensitization can occur to the unconditioned stimulant affects of cocaine. To investigate the relationship between the conditioned and unconditioned behavioral effects of repeated cocaine use. two groups of rats (n = 7) were given five daily paired cocaine treatments (10 mg/kg i.p.) immediately before a 20-min placement in an open-field environment. (Other groups received either saline before testing or cocaine unpaired which n:as administered 30 min after resting in the homecage. When tested in the open-field with saline for conditioned effects, the two cocaine paired groups selectively exhibited substantial and equivalent cocaine conditioned responses. One of these groups n:as subjected to an extinction procedure which was effective in eliminating the cocaine conditioned responses. Subsequently, all the rats which had received cocaine in the first phase of the experiment. paired and unpaired, along with a subset of saline animals were given a cocaine (10 mg/kg i.p.) challenge test. The paired cocaine animals exhibited an earlier onset of the cocaine induced behavioral response (sensitization) as compared with the saline and the unpaired cocaine animals. Critically, the sensitization effects were unaffected by extinction, and in addition, the conditioned response did not contribute to the sensitization effect. It is suggested that the cocaine drug response occludes the cocaine conditioned response. Subsequent to this sensitization test, the animals were retested for conditioning. In this test, the paired cocaine animals which had not been subjected to the extinction procedure still exhibited a conditioned cocaine response, whereas, the paired cocaine group subjected to extinction was indistinguishable from saline controls. Although the present results show that Pavlovian conditioned responses to exteroceptive contextual cues do not directly contribute to cocaine induced behavioral sensitization effects, the sensitization effects were context-specific, and therefore, were tied to associative processes. It is suggested that context specificity is mediated by a compound stimulus complex comprised of exteroceptive stimuli and interoceptive cocaine drug cues. Furthermore, these exteroceptive and interoceptive cues associated with cocaine effectively expedice the onset of cocaine effects, and thereby, facilitate the addictive potency of cocaine. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.