Convenience store robberies in selected metropolitan areas. Risk factors for employee injury.
Convenience store robberies in selected metropolitan areas. Risk factors for employee injury.
复制标题
部分大都市地区发生便利店抢劫案。
DOI：
10.1097/00043764-199705000-00010
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发表时间：
1997
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
D. Kessler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Amandus;Scott Hendricks;D. Zahm;R. Friedmann;C. Block;C. Wellford;D. Brensilber;T. Bynum;R. Mcmanus;J. Malcan;J. Weiss;D. Kessler
受伤情况摘录自1992年或1993年发生在东部七个州的选定大都市地区的1835起便利店抢劫案的警察报告。使用来自四个州的数据（758起抢劫案）进行子集分析，这些数据具有相对完整的风险因素信息。本研究的目的是评估抢劫中各种危险因素的伤害风险。由于发生抢劫的概率未知，因此无法估计员工因抢劫而受伤的总体风险。在1835起抢劫案中，59%发生在夜间（晚上9点到凌晨3点），47%发生在研究期间以前被抢劫过的商店，63%涉及使用枪支，12%与至少一名员工受伤有关。在对四个州758起抢劫案的子集分析中，与不使用武器或使用钝器相比，使用枪支的员工在抢劫中受伤的可能性更低，而使用枪支的严重伤害（定义为死亡或需要去医院的伤害）的可能性比使用钝器的更低。然而，所有五起死亡事件都与枪支有关。与员工受伤概率较低相关的其他因素包括，与只被抢劫一次的商店相比，在多次被抢劫的商店发生抢劫；1到999美元被偷，与没有钱被偷相比；以及案发时有一名顾客在店里。员工伤害风险在单员店（0.106）和多员店（0.111）之间无显著差异。同样，员工严重伤害风险在单员工店（0.029）和多员工店（0.022）之间没有显著差异。我们得出结论，便利店抢劫案中有几个潜在的员工伤害风险因素，其中一些是可以干预的。建议进一步研究这些因素及其与员工伤害的关系。
Circumstances of injury were abstracted from police reports for 1835 convenience store robberies that occurred during 1992 or 1993 in selected metropolitan areas of seven eastern states. Subset analyses were performed using the data (758 robberies) from four states with relatively complete risk factor information. The purpose of this study was to estimate the risk of injury in a robbery situation for various risk factors. The overall risk of employee robbery-related injury could not be estimated because the probability of robbery is unknown. Of the 1835 robberies, 59% of the total robberies occurred at nighttime (9 p.m. to 3 a.m.), 47% occurred in stores previously robbed in the study period, 63% involved the use of a firearm, and 12% were associated with an injury to at least one employee. In the subset analysis of 758 robberies in four states, the employee probability of injury in a robbery was lower with firearm use compared with no weapon or use of a blunt instrument, and the probability of severe injury (defined as death, or an injury necessitating a trip to a hospital) was lower with a firearm compared with the use of a blunt instrument. However, all five fatalities were firearm-related. Other factors that were associated with a lower probability of employee injury included robbery occurrence in stores that had been robbed multiple times, compared with stores robbed only once; having 1 to 999 dollars stolen, compared with having no money stolen; and the presence of a customer(s) in the store at the time of the robbery. The employee risk of injury was not significantly different between one- (0.106) and multiple-employee (0.111) stores. Similarly, the employee risk of severe injury was not significantly different between one- (0.029) and multiple-employee stores (0.022). We conclude that there are several potential risk factors for employee injury in convenience store robberies, some of which are amenable to interventions. Further research on these factors and their relationship to employee injury is indicated.