Slipins: ancient origin, duplication and diversification of the stomatin protein family
Slipins: ancient origin, duplication and diversification of the stomatin protein family
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2148-8-44
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发表时间：
2008-02-11
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Young, J. Peter W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Green, Jasper B.;Young, J. Peter W.
研究背景：Stomatin是最早从人红细胞中分离出来的一种膜蛋白。从那时起，在生命的所有三个领域都发现了一些类似于气孔蛋白的蛋白质。这些蛋白质之间的保守性是显著的，细菌和人类同源物共享50%的同一性。尽管与各种疾病，如癌症，肾功能衰竭和贫血，这些蛋白质的精确功能仍不清楚。结果：我们已经构建了一个全面的同源性的所有'stomatin样'序列，共享一个150个氨基酸的结构域。我们表明，这些蛋白质包括一个古老的家庭，出现在原核生物进化的早期，我们提出了一个新的命名，反映了他们的同源性，根据名称“滑蛋白”（stomatin样蛋白）。在原核生物中，有两个不同的亚家族，它们解释了八个真核气孔蛋白亚家族的两个不同起源，其中一个产生了真核SLP-2，在此重新命名为“paraslipin”。这显然是通过线粒体内共生获得的，并广泛分布在主要王国中。另一个原核生物亚科产生了其余七个真核生物亚科的祖先。高度分化的“别脂蛋白”亚家族仅由真菌、病毒和纤毛虫序列代表。其余六个亚科，统称为“滑蛋白”，仅限于后生动物。原口动物的气孔蛋白，以及一个新报道的节肢动物亚科slipin-4，仅限于无脊椎动物的群体，而slipin-1（以前SLP-1）是存在于线虫和高等后生动物。在脊椎动物中，stomatin家族扩大了相当大的，至少有两个重复事件引起podocin和slipin-3亚家族（以前SLP-3），与保留的祖先序列引起脊椎动物stomatin.Conclusion：Stomatin样蛋白有其起源于一个古老的复制事件，发生在早期的原核生物的进化。通过构建这个家族的进化史，我们已经确定并命名了一些orthopathy组：这些现在可以用来推断功能的气孔蛋白亚家族在一个有意义的方式。
Background: Stomatin is a membrane protein that was first isolated from human red blood cells. Since then, a number of stomatin-like proteins have been identified in all three domains of life. The conservation among these proteins is remarkable, with bacterial and human homologs sharing 50 % identity. Despite being associated with a variety of diseases such as cancer, kidney failure and anaemia, precise functions of these proteins remain unclear.Results: We have constructed a comprehensive phylogeny of all 'stomatin-like' sequences that share a 150 amino acid domain. We show these proteins comprise an ancient family that arose early in prokaryotic evolution, and we propose a new nomenclature that reflects their phylogeny, based on the name "slipin" (stomatin-like protein). Within prokaryotes there are two distinct subfamilies that account for the two different origins of the eight eukaryotic stomatin subfamilies, one of which gave rise to eukaryotic SLP-2, renamed here "paraslipin". This was apparently acquired through the mitochondrial endosymbiosis and is widely distributed amongst the major kingdoms. The other prokaryotic subfamily gave rise to the ancestor of the remaining seven eukaryotic subfamilies. The highly diverged "alloslipin" subfamily is represented only by fungal, viral and ciliate sequences. The remaining six subfamilies, collectively termed "slipins", are confined to metazoa. Protostome stomatin, as well as a newly reported arthropod subfamily slipin-4, are restricted to invertebrate groups, whilst slipin-1 (previously SLP-1) is present in nematodes and higher metazoa. In vertebrates, the stomatin family expanded considerably, with at least two duplication events giving rise to podocin and slipin-3 subfamilies (previously SLP-3), with the retained ancestral sequence giving rise to vertebrate stomatin.Conclusion: Stomatin-like proteins have their origin in an ancient duplication event that occurred early on in the evolution of prokaryotes. By constructing a phylogeny of this family, we have identified and named a number of orthologous groups: these can now be used to infer function of stomatin subfamilies in a meaningful way.