Research, public policymaking, and knowledge-translation processes: Canadian efforts to build bridges
Research, public policymaking, and knowledge-translation processes: Canadian efforts to build bridges
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DOI：
10.1002/chp.49
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发表时间：
2006-12-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Lavis, JN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lavis, JN
公共政策制定者必须应对一套特定的制度安排，这些安排决定了为解决任何特定问题需要做些什么，各种利益集团就他们希望看到如何解决任何特定问题所施加的压力，以及关于如何最好地解决任何特定问题的一系列想法（包括研究证据）。很少有流程可以在公共政策制定者最需要的时候将经过优化包装的高质量和高相关性研究证据交到他们手中，这通常需要几个小时和几天，而不是几个月和几年。在加拿大，已作出各种努力，以解决已发现的增加研究成果使用前景的因素，包括编制满足公共决策者短期（但不紧迫）需要的系统审查，并鼓励研究人员和决策者之间建立伙伴关系，使他们能够围绕提出和回答相关问题的任务进行互动。在提供研究证据以满足公共决策者的迫切需要方面，以及在解决态度障碍和能力限制方面，取得的进展要小得多。今后，知识转化过程，特别是推动努力和促进用户拉动的努力，应在足够严格的规模上进行，并进行足够严格的评价，以便就其有效性得出可靠的结论。
Public policymakers must contend with a particular set of institutional arrangements that govern what call be done to address any given issue, pressure from a variety of interest groups about what they would like to see done to address any given issue, and a range of ideas (including research evidence) about how best to address any given issue. Rarely do processes exist that can get optimally packaged high-quality and high-relevance research evidence into the hands of public policymakers when they most need it, which is often in hours and days, not months and years. In Canada, a variety of efforts have been undertaken to address the factors that have been found to increase the prospects for research use, including the production of systematic reviews that meet the shorter term (but not urgent) needs of public policymakers and encouraging partnerships between researchers and policymakers that allow for their interaction around the tasks of asking and answering relevant questions. Much less progress hers been made in making available research evidence to inform the urgent needs of public policymakers and in addressing attitudinal barriers and capacity limitations. In the future, knowledge-translation processes, particularly push efforts and efforts to facilitate user pull, should be undertaken oil a sufficiently lame scale and with a sufficiently rigorous evaluation so that robust conclusions can be drawn about their effectiveness.