Substrate Binding Drives Active‐Site Closing of Human Blood Group B Galactosyltransferase as Revealed by Hot‐Spot Labeling and NMR Spectroscopy Experiments
Substrate Binding Drives Active‐Site Closing of Human Blood Group B Galactosyltransferase as Revealed by Hot‐Spot Labeling and NMR Spectroscopy Experiments
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热点标记和核磁共振波谱实验表明,底物结合驱动人 B 型血半乳糖基转移酶的活性位点关闭
DOI:
10.1002/cbic.201800019
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
影响因子:
3.2
通讯作者:
Peters
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Weissbach;Flügge;Peters
Crystallography has shown that human blood group A (GTA) and B (GTB) glycosyltransferases undergo transitions between “open”, “semiclosed”, and “closed” conformations upon substrate binding. However, the timescales of the corresponding conformational reorientations are unknown. Crystal structures show that the Trp and Met residues are located at “conformational hot spots” of the enzymes. Therefore, we utilized15N side‐chain labeling of Trp residues and13C‐methyl labeling of Met residues to study substrate‐induced conformational transitions of GTB. Chemical‐shift perturbations (CSPs) of Met and Trp residues in direct contact with substrate ligands reflect binding kinetics, whereas the CSPs of Met and Trp residues at remote sites reflect conformational changes of the enzyme upon substrate binding. Acceptor binding is fast on the chemical‐shift timescale with rather small CSPs in the range of less than approximately 20 Hz. Donor binding matches the intermediate exchange regime to yield an estimate for exchange rate constants of approximately 200–300 Hz. Donor or acceptor binding to GTB saturated with acceptor or donor substrate, respectively, is slow (<10 Hz), as are coupled protein motions, reflecting mutual allosteric control of donor and acceptor binding. Remote CSPs suggest that substrate binding drives the enzyme into the closed state required for catalysis. These findings should contribute to better understanding of the mechanism of glycosyl transfer of GTA and GTB.
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