The necessary and the desirable production of radicals in biology.
The necessary and the desirable production of radicals in biology.
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生物学中自由基的必要且理想的产生。
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.1985.0166
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发表时间：
1985
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Williams
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Williams
生物系统内自由基的产生可能是必要的，例如在光捕获或氢氧反应与类囊体和线粒体膜中质子梯度的产生相结合时；或者，非常需要在例如核糖核苷酸还原酶中产生有效的催化剂中心。为了适应其功能，自由基通常通过其氧化还原特性或通过限制在有限的体积内而具有受控的反应性。更无差别地产生自由基在保护装置中也具有很大的用途，例如在交联聚合物的生产中，或在氧自由基的产生中。所有这些自由基过程的起始酶的不同分布和释放确保了其反应的空间和时间控制。
The production of radicals within biological systems can be necessary, as in the coupling of light capture or oxygen-hydride reactions to the generation of proton gradients in thylakoid and mitochondrial membranes; or it can be extremely desirable, to produce an effective catalyst centre in, for example, ribonucleotide reductases. To fit their function the radicals are usually of controlled reactivity, either through their redox properties or through confinement to a limited volume. The more indiscriminate generation of radicals can be of great use too in protective devices, for example, in the production of cross-linked polymers, or in the generation of oxygen radicals. The different distribution and release of initiating enzymes for all these radical processes ensures the spatial and temporal control of their reactions.