Vertical profile and Horizontal Increase of Drift-Snow Transport
Vertical profile and Horizontal Increase of Drift-Snow Transport
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DOI：
10.3189/s0022143000010996
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发表时间：
1980-03
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
M. Takeuchi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Takeuchi
有许多已发表的关于漂移雪作为风速函数的经验公式。然而，在相同风速下比较这些公式会产生相当大的分歧。据推测，这种差异是由雪况和漂移雪发展的不同阶段引起的。利用捕雪器沿着与风平行的样条测量了漂移通量的水平分布，从作为漂移雪起点的逆风边界开始。结果表明，除非积雪达到平衡（即雪廓线饱和），否则不能唯一地定义漂移雪输运。雪粒子的跳跃被认为在雪面附近普遍存在。但是，从未测量过跳跃雪的垂直通量廓线。利用由9个飘带（隔间）组成的捕雪器，在9个水平上测量了从雪面到30 cm高度的漂移通量垂直剖面。在地表以上7 ~ 9 cm高度，主要以跃变通量为主，随着积雪的发展，逐渐以悬浮通量为主。
Abstract There are a number of published empirical formulae for drift-snow transport as a function of wind velocity. Comparing these formulae at the same wind velocity, however, results in considerable disagreement. It is hypothesized that the disparity arises from snow conditions and the various stages of development of drifting snow. The horizontal distribution of drift flux was measured with snow traps along a transect parallel with the wind, beginning at an up-wind boundary that served as the starting point of drifting snow. Results indicate that drift-snow transport cannot be defined uniquely unless the drifting snow attains equilibrium (i.e. the snow profile is saturated). Saltation of snow particles is thought to prevail near the snow surface. However, the vertical flux profile of saltating snow has never been measured. Vertical profiles of drift flux from the snow surface to a height of 30 cm were measured at nine levels, using snow traps composed of nine streamers (compartments). It appears that the saltation flux prevails up to a height of 7-9 cm above the surface, and the suspension flux gradually takes over as the drifting snow develops.