Forty years on: Teachers' assessments of children's personality traits predict self-reported health behaviors and outcomes at midlife
Forty years on: Teachers' assessments of children's personality traits predict self-reported health behaviors and outcomes at midlife
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DOI：
10.1037/0278-6133.25.1.57
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Dubanoski, JP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hampson, SE;Goldberg, LR;Dubanoski, JP
在人格对健康影响的纵向研究中，研究了一种终身健康-行为模型。教师们对963名小学生的性格特征进行了评估，这些特征形成了评估五因素人格模型维度的量表。吸烟、饮酒、身体质量指数（BMI）和自我评价的健康状况在40年后的中年进行评估。儿童时期的人格特质与这四种结果都有显著关联，而且女性的影响一直大于男性。对于男性和女性来说，童年尽责性与成年后吸烟较少、成年后自我评估健康状况较好有关，而且仅对女性而言，与成年后BMI较低有关。中介分析表明，尽责性对自我评价健康的影响部分受吸烟和BMI的中介作用。越来越多的证据表明，童年时期的人格特征可以预测成年后的健康结果，这些发现进一步证明了这一点，并在未来的终身健康行为模型测试中进行了讨论。
A life span health-behavior model was investigated in this longitudinal study of personality influences on health. Teachers assessed 963 elementary schoolchildren on traits that formed scales assessing the dimensions of the five-factor (Big Five) model of personality. Smoking, alcohol use, body mass index (BMI), and self-rated health were assessed 40 years later in midlife. Childhood personality traits were significantly associated with all 4 outcomes, and the effects were consistently larger for women than men. For men and women, childhood Conscientiousness was associated with less adult smoking and better adult self-rated health and, for women only, with lower adult BMI. Mediation analyses suggested that the effects of Conscientiousness on self-rated health were partially mediated by smoking and BMI. These findings add to the growing evidence that childhood personality traits predict adult health outcomes and are discussed in terms of future testing of the life span health-behavior model.