In vivo small animal micro-CT using nanoparticle contrast agents.
In vivo small animal micro-CT using nanoparticle contrast agents.
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DOI：
10.3389/fphar.2015.00256
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Badea CT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ashton JR;West JL;Badea CT
计算机断层扫描（CT）是最有价值的方式之一，在体内成像，因为它是快速，高分辨率，成本效益，和非侵入性。此外，CT不仅在临床（用于诊断和治疗计划）中大量使用，而且在临床前研究中也作为微型CT使用。尽管CT对肺部和骨骼成像固有地有效，但软组织成像需要使用造影剂。对于小动物显微CT，使用纳米颗粒造影剂以避免快速肾清除。各种纳米粒子已被用于微CT成像，但大多数研究都集中在使用含碘纳米粒子和金纳米粒子。两种纳米颗粒类型都可以作为高效的血池造影剂，或者可以使用多种靶向机制进行靶向。CT成像可以通过增加光谱能力来进一步增强，以在体内分离多个共注射的纳米颗粒。使用能量积分和能量分辨探测器的光谱CT已与多种造影剂一起使用，以实现功能和分子成像。本文综述了新型纳米探针在小动物体内微CT临床前研究中的应用进展。
Computed tomography (CT) is one of the most valuable modalities for in vivo imaging because it is fast, high-resolution, cost-effective, and non-invasive. Moreover, CT is heavily used not only in the clinic (for both diagnostics and treatment planning) but also in preclinical research as micro-CT. Although CT is inherently effective for lung and bone imaging, soft tissue imaging requires the use of contrast agents. For small animal micro-CT, nanoparticle contrast agents are used in order to avoid rapid renal clearance. A variety of nanoparticles have been used for micro-CT imaging, but the majority of research has focused on the use of iodine-containing nanoparticles and gold nanoparticles. Both nanoparticle types can act as highly effective blood pool contrast agents or can be targeted using a wide variety of targeting mechanisms. CT imaging can be further enhanced by adding spectral capabilities to separate multiple co-injected nanoparticles in vivo. Spectral CT, using both energy-integrating and energy-resolving detectors, has been used with multiple contrast agents to enable functional and molecular imaging. This review focuses on new developments for in vivo small animal micro-CT using novel nanoparticle probes applied in preclinical research.