Metabolic engineering of terpenoid biosynthesis in plants
Metabolic engineering of terpenoid biosynthesis in plants
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s11101-005-3747-3
复制
发表时间：
2006-01-01
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Bouwmeester, Harro J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aharoni, Asaph;Jongsma, Maarten A.;Bouwmeester, Harro J.
植物萜类化合物的代谢工程是一个非常有吸引力的研究课题。一方面，这些化合物的各种生物活性使其工程成为改善作物相当数量性状的新工具。这些包括例如增强的抗病性、通过产生化感化合物来控制杂草、更好的害虫管理、药用化合物的生产、植物和果实的价值增加以及授粉的改善。另一方面，同样的植物在萜类化合物及其前体库的配置文件的改变作出了最重要的贡献，萜类化合物的生物合成及其调控的基础研究。在这篇综述中，我们描述了我们最近的研究结果与萜类化合物工程，重点是两个萜类化合物的单萜和倍半萜。新出现的情况是，这些化合物及其衍生物在植物细胞中的工程是可行的，尽管有一些要求和限制。例如，在萜类化合物工程实验中，关键因素是前体库和引入的酶两者的亚细胞定位、修饰引入的萜类化合物骨架的内源性植物酶的活性、在对共享相同前体库的其它途径的影响方面的工程成本以及引入的萜类化合物的植物毒性。最后，我们将表明，转基因植物在其萜类化合物的配置文件改变发挥新的生物活性对他们的环境，例如影响昆虫的行为。
Metabolic engineering of terpenoids in plants is a fascinating research topic from two main perspectives. On the one hand, the various biological activities of these compounds make their engineering a new tool for improving a considerable number of traits in crops. These include for example enhanced disease resistance, weed control by producing allelopathic compounds, better pest management, production of medicinal compounds, increased value of ornamentals and fruit and improved pollination. On the other hand, the same plants altered in the profile of terpenoids and their precursor pools make a most important contribution to fundamental studies on terpenoid biosynthesis and its regulation. In this review we describe our recent results with terpenoid engineering, focusing on two terpenoid classes the monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids. The emerging picture is that engineering of these compounds and their derivatives in plant cells is feasible, although with some requirements and limitations. For example, in terpenoid engineering experiments crucial factors are the subcellular localisation of both the precursor pool and the introduced enzymes, the activity of endogenous plant enzymes which modify the introduced terpenoid skeleton, the costs of engineering in terms of effects on other pathways sharing the same precursor pool and the phytotoxicity of the introduced terpenoids. Finally, we will show that transgenic plants altered in their terpenoid profile exert novel biological activities on their environment, for example influencing insect behaviour.