SERIALLY BALANCED SEQUENCES IN BIOASSAY
SERIALLY BALANCED SEQUENCES IN BIOASSAY
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.1956.0058
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发表时间：
1956-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
OUTHWAITE, AD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
FINNEY, DJ;OUTHWAITE, AD
一些生物测定技术涉及在一个或多个受试者上应用长序列的剂量，并测量每次发生的反应。为了防止受试者反应性的趋势扩大实验误差，这些实验采用了随机区组和拉丁方设计。这样的约束不考虑剂量的任何残余效应，其倾向于增加或减少与后续剂量相关联的反应。任何指定数量的不同剂量的连续平衡序列具有类似于随机化区组的约束，以及每个剂量相对于在其几次重复中紧接在其之前的剂量平衡的附加性质。人们已经研究了这些序列的许多性质，并列举了某些简单的类别。四种不同剂量的序列可能对平行线生物测定最有用。这种检测的统计分析，根据一个简单的模型的残留影响，进行了讨论，特别是参考有效性测试和效力估计的选择。已经编制了表格，使测试和估计能够立即从响应的线性函数形成。随后的部分涉及这些方法的扩展，涉及更多数量的不同剂量的测定，对序列的效用的限制，以及对其他类型的实验的应用。本文最后简要说明了随机序列的选择。
Some bioassay techniques involve applying a long sequence of doses on one or more subjects and measuring the response that occurs each time. In order to prevent trends in the responsiveness of a subject from inflating the experimental error, randomized block and Latin square designs have been adapted to these experiments. Such constraints take no account of any residual effect of a dose tending to increase or diminish the response associated with the subsequent dose. A serially balanced sequence for any specified number of different doses has a constraint like that of randomized blocks and an additional property that each dose is balanced in respect of the doses that immediately precede it in its several repetitions. A number of properties of these sequences have been investigated and certain simple categories have been enumerated. Sequences for four different doses are likely to be the most useful for parallel line bioassays. The statistical analysis of such assays, under a simple model for residual effects, is discussed, with particular reference to the choice of validity tests and of potency estimators. Tables have been prepared that enable the tests and estimates to be formed immediately from linear functions of the responses. Subsequent sections are concerned with the extension of these methods to assays involving a greater number of different doses, limitations on the utility of the sequences, and applications to other types of experiment. The paper ends with brief notes on the selection of a randomized sequence.