Impact of Anomalous Active Regions on the Large-scale Magnetic Field of the Sun
Impact of Anomalous Active Regions on the Large-scale Magnetic Field of the Sun
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DOI：
10.3847/1538-4357/acd77e
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发表时间：
2023-05
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Shaonwita Pal;P. Bhowmik;Sushant S. Mahajan;D. Nandy
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作者：
Shaonwita Pal;P. Bhowmik;Sushant S. Mahajan;D. Nandy
太阳周期振幅扰动的主要来源之一被认为是不遵守黑尔极性定律和乔伊倾斜角定律的异常活动区域的出现。含有对极场影响不成比例的高磁通量的异常区域有时被称为“异常区域”。在这项研究中，利用表面通量输运模型，我们分析了由于太阳表面异常活动区域的出现而导致的大规模偶极矩的积累。尽管这些活跃区域仅占太阳黑子总数的一小部分，但它们可以极大地影响磁偶极矩的形成和随后的太阳周期振幅。我们的数值模拟表明，“反欢乐”区域对太阳周期的影响与“反黑尔”区域相似。我们还发现异常区域的出现时间、出现纬度、相对数量和通量分布以多种方式影响大尺度磁场动态。我们确定我们的数值研究结果与解释太阳偶极矩演化的代数（解析）方法一致。我们的结果有助于理解异常活动区域如何在巴布科克-莱顿发电机机制的框架内调节太阳大规模偶极矩的形成及其反转时间——现在被认为是太阳周期变化的主要来源。
One of the major sources of perturbation in the solar cycle amplitude is believed to be the emergence of anomalous active regions that do not obey Hale’s polarity law and Joy’s law of tilt angles. Anomalous regions containing high magnetic flux that disproportionately impact the polar field are sometimes referred to as “rogue regions.” In this study, utilizing a surface flux transport model, we analyze the large-scale dipole moment buildup due to the emergence of anomalous active regions on the solar surface. Although these active regions comprise a small fraction of the total sunspot number, they can substantially influence the magnetic dipole moment buildup and subsequent solar cycle amplitude. Our numerical simulations demonstrate that the impact of “anti-Joy” regions on the solar cycle is similar to those of “anti-Hale” regions. We also find that the emergence time, emergence latitude, relative number, and flux distribution of anomalous regions influence the large-scale magnetic field dynamics in diverse ways. We establish that the results of our numerical study are consistent with the algebraic (analytic) approach to explaining the Sun’s dipole moment evolution. Our results are relevant for understanding how anomalous active regions modulate the Sun’s large-scale dipole moment buildup and its reversal timing within the framework of the Babcock–Leighton dynamo mechanism—now believed to be the primary source of solar cycle variations.