A simple stochastic cellular automaton for synchronized traffic flow
A simple stochastic cellular automaton for synchronized traffic flow
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DOI：
10.1016/j.physa.2014.03.044
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发表时间：
2014-07
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
T. Chmura;Benedikt Herz;F. Knorr;T. Pitz;M. Schreckenberg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Chmura;Benedikt Herz;F. Knorr;T. Pitz;M. Schreckenberg
我们提出了一个非常简单的随机流量元胞自动机（CA）模型来再现同步流量。该模型的目标是几乎与著名的Nagel-Schreckenberg模型一样简单，但克服了后者的缺点：Nagel-Schreckenberg模型（NaSch）及其变体通过明确允许无限制动能力来实现无碰撞驾驶。然而，将无碰撞交通流视为适度驾驶而不是无限制动能力的结果是相当自然的。因此，我们的新CA模型将车辆的加速度和减速度限制为现实值。此外，我们的模型能够再现同步交通流的几个重要特征，以前的模型只能通过使用相对复杂的运动规则来实现相同的目标。然而，我们的模型引入了易于理解的NaSch的微小修改。这些修改导致非常稳定的状态，其中所有车辆趋于同步它们的速度。即使，或者也许正是因为，在我们的模型中，同步流的状态是稳定的，它允许非常详细地研究这个交通阶段的几个特征。
We present a very simple stochastic traffic cellular automaton (CA) model to reproduce synchronized traffic. This model aims to be nearly as simple as the well-known Nagel–Schreckenberg model, but to overcome to shortcomings of the latter: The Nagel–Schreckenberg model (NaSch) and its variants achieve collision-free driving by explicitly allowing for unlimited braking capabilities. However, it is rather natural to view the collision-free traffic flow as a consequence of moderate driving instead of infinite braking capabilities. Therefore, our new CA model limits the vehicles’ acceleration and deceleration rates to realistic values. Moreover, our model is able to reproduce several important features of synchronized traffic flow.Earlier models achieve identical goals only by using relatively complicated rules of motion. Our model, however, introduces slight modifications of the easily comprehensible NaSch. These modifications lead to very stable states where all vehicles tend to synchronize their speed. Even though, or perhaps precisely because, the states of synchronized flow are stable in our model, it allows to study several features of this traffic phase in great detail.