Biodegradation and detoxification of neonicotinoid insecticide thiamethoxam by white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium
Biodegradation and detoxification of neonicotinoid insecticide thiamethoxam by white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium
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白腐菌黄孢原平革菌对新烟碱类杀虫剂噻虫嗪的生物降解和解毒作用
DOI：
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126017
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发表时间：
2021-05-15
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Jin, Doudou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Anwei;Li, Wenjie;Jin, Doudou
近二十年来新烟碱类农药的大量使用对多种生物造成了严重影响。因此，强烈建议解毒并消除环境中新烟碱类的残留水平。本研究采用白腐真菌黄孢原毛平革菌 (Phanerochaete chrysosporium) 进行了噻虫嗪 (THX) 的降解和解毒。结果表明，黄孢假单胞菌对THX具有耐受性，在初始浓度10 mg/L的条件下，培养15 d后可降解49%的THX，25 d后可降解98%的THX，表明该真菌对THX具有优异的降解能力。根据所鉴定的副产物，THX 经历了脱氯、硝酸盐还原以及 2-氯噻唑环和恶二嗪之间的 C-N 裂解。 (Z)-N-(3-甲基-1,3,5-恶二嗪-4-亚基)硝酰胺和3-甲基-1,3,5-恶二嗪-4-亚胺被鉴定为主要代谢物。 THX及其相应的降解中间体对大肠杆菌和铜绿微囊藻生长以及油菜和甘蓝发芽的影响表明，黄孢青霉能有效地将THX降解为代谢产物，降低其生物毒性。目前的工作表明，P. chrysosporium 可有效用于 THX 的降解和解毒。
The extensive use of neonicotinoid pesticides in the past two decades caused serious impacts on many kinds of living beings. Therefore, it has been strongly suggested to detoxify and eliminate neonicotinoids' residual levels in environment. Here, the degradation and detoxification of thiamethoxam (THX) by white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium was conducted. Results shown that P. chrysosporium can tolerate THX and degraded 49% of THX after incubation for 15 days, and then 98% for 25 days at the initial concentration of 10 mg/L, which indicates the excellent degradation ability of this fungus to THX. Based on the by-products identified, THX underwent dechlorination, nitrate reduction, and C-N cleavage between the 2-chlorothiazole ring and oxadiazine. (Z)-N-(3-methyl-1,3,5-oxadiazinan-4-ylidene)nitramide and 3-methyl-1,3,5-oxadiazinan-4-imine were identified as the main metabolites. The impacts of THX and its corresponding degradation intermediates on the growth of E. coil and Microcystis aeruginosa as well as the germination of rape and cabbage demonstrated that P. chrysosporium effectively degrades THX into metabolites and reduces its biotoxicity. The present work demonstrates that P. chrysosporium can be effectively used for degradation and detoxification of THX.