Effects of pipeflow on hydrological process and its relation to landslide: a review of pipeflow studies in forested headwater catchments
Effects of pipeflow on hydrological process and its relation to landslide: a review of pipeflow studies in forested headwater catchments
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DOI：
10.1002/hyp.281
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发表时间：
2001-08
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
T. Uchida;K. Kosugi;T. Mizuyama
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Uchida;K. Kosugi;T. Mizuyama
自20世纪80年代以来，在森林覆盖的陡峭水源集水区进行了几次管流水文学的实地研究。然而，关于这些先前研究的代表性如何以及这种现象可能有多普遍等问题，缺乏足够的信息。因此，这项研究的目的是回顾一些研究的管流水文森林陡坡。会上澄清了几点。(1)管流的最大流量主要取决于土管直径。在土壤管径和坡度条件与泥炭灰壤相似的情况下，森林坡面管流最大流量小于泥炭灰壤。(2)管流是从各种来源提供的，和管流的贡献面积扩大，土壤层变得更加湿润。因此，占主导地位的贡献者（新水和老水）是不同的，管流对径流的贡献随着降雨量的增加而增加。(3)管流在暴雨产流过程中的作用表现为两个方面：集水作用和快速排流作用。因此，土壤管道可以增加从山坡的峰值流量和减少暴雨过程线的峰值滞后时间相比，无管道的山坡。(4)管流在水文过程中的作用表明，土壤管道有助于通过增加土壤排水速率和限制发展的栖息地下水条件的边坡稳定性。然而，如果土壤管网的水浓度的速率超过管流传输能力，则土壤管的空腔在降雨事件期间可以容易地充满水，从而增加周围基质中的孔隙水压力。在这种情况下，土管诱发边坡失稳。(5)此外，管蚀对管流的径流特性有显着的影响，因为管蚀有助于改变土壤管道的有限排水能力。因此，管涌侵蚀在浅层滑坡的形成中起着重要作用。版权所有© 2001约翰威利父子有限公司。
Since the 1980s, several field studies of pipeflow hydrology have been conducted in forested, steep headwater catchments. However, adequate information is lacking with regard to questions as to how representative these previous studies are and how widespread the phenomena might be. Thus, the aim of this study is to review some studies of pipeflow hydrology on forested steep hillslopes. Several points were clarified. (1) The maximum discharge of pipeflow was mainly determined by the soil pipe diameter. When the condition of both the soil pipe diameter and the slope gradient in forest soil were similar to those in peaty podzol, the maximum discharge of pipeflow on forest slopes was slighter than that in peaty podzol. (2) Pipeflow was delivered from a variety of sources, and the contributing area of pipeflow extended as the soil layer became wetter. Therefore, the dominant contributor (new water and old water) was varied and the contribution of pipeflow to streamflow increased with the increase of rainfall magnitude. (3) The roles of pipeflow in the storm runoff generation processes demonstrated two roles: the concentration of water and the rapid drainage to downslopes. Thus, soil pipes can increase the peak discharge from the hillslope and decrease the peak lag time of the storm hydrograph, when compared to the unpiped hillslope. (4) The roles of pipeflow on hydrological process suggested that the soil pipes contribute to the slope stability by increasing the rate of soil drainage and limiting the development of perched groundwater conditions. However, if the rate of water concentration to the soil pipe network is in excess of the pipeflow transmission capacity, the cavity of the soil pipe could readily be filled with water during a rain event, increasing pore water pressure in the surrounding matrix. In this case, the soil pipe induced slope instability. (5) Moreover, pipe erosion has significant impact on the runoff characteristics of pipeflow, since pipe erosion contributed to a change in the limited drainage capacity of soil pipe. Thus, pipe erosion plays an important role in shallow landslide initiation. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.