FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC-ASPECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL-MANAGEMENT FOR VECTOR CONTROL
FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC-ASPECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL-MANAGEMENT FOR VECTOR CONTROL
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DOI：
10.1016/0169-4758(87)90204-3
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发表时间：
1987-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
MILLS, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BOS, R;MILLS, A
另一种方法是将寄生虫和药物一起培养在24孔塑料板中;在固定时间（通常2-3天）后，我们从每个孔中取出寄生虫以测量它们的运动性。对于某些寄生虫（如曼氏血吸虫），运动性受培养基温度（37 ℃）的影响很大.有了这些寄生虫，我们只需将运动计放在地板上的对流培养箱中，以避免振动。虽然有几种方法来表征驱虫活性，我们认为，作为一个主要的体外筛选的微蠕动仪提供了一个快速，经济和准确的替代其他方法。例如，巴西日本圆线虫5对表皮脱落的抑制或猪蛔虫6对幼虫发育的抑制均被用于测试驱虫活性。这两种方法都很耗时，我们发现，在检测驱虫活性3时，运动性更容易且更敏感。同样重要的是，微蠕动仪允许监测药物作用的动力学，并且可以区分蠕虫的抗性和敏感菌株-例如SD Folz（UpJohn Co.）结果表明，苯并咪唑类药物对捻转血吸虫苯并咪唑抗性品系的运动无影响，而敏感品系则无影响。也许微蠕动仪在测试驱虫活性中的主要缺点是，在某些情况下，宿主代谢可能参与激活化合物。相反，宿主代谢也可以使某些化合物失活。然而，所有主要的驱虫剂，当暴露于蠕虫保持在文化，将抑制他们的能动性。
An alternative procedure is to culture parasites and drugs together in 24-well plastic plates; after afixed time (usually 2-3 days) we remove the parasites from each well to measure their motility. With some parasites (eg Schistosoma mansoni) motility is highly influenced by the temperature of the culture media (37 C). With these parasites we simply place the motility meter in a convection incubator placed on the floor to avoid vibration. Although there are several ways to characterize anthelmintic activity, we believe that as a primary in vitro screen the micromotility meter offers a rapid, economical and accurate alternative to the other approaches. For example, inhibition of cuticle shedding by Nippostrongylus brasiliensis 5 or inhibition of larval development by Ascaris suum 6 have both been used to test for anthelmintic activity. Both these approaches are time-consuming, and we have found that motility was both easier and slightly more sensitive in detecting anthelmintic activity 3. Equally important, the micromotility meter allows the kinetics of drug action to be monitored, and can distinguish resistant and susceptible strains of helminths-for example unpublished work by SD Folz (UpJohn Co.) showed that the motility of benzimidazole-resistant strains of Haemonthus contortus was unaffected by benzimidazoles, but sensitive strains were. Perhaps the main disadvantage of the micromotility meter in testing anthelmintic activity is that in some cases the host metabolism may be involved in activating a compound. Conversely host metabolism could also deactivate some compounds. However, all major anthelmintics, when exposed to helminths maintained in culture, will depress their motility.