The only lasting truth is change: multiple dimensions of biodiversity show historical legacy effects in community assembly processes of freshwater fish
The only lasting truth is change: multiple dimensions of biodiversity show historical legacy effects in community assembly processes of freshwater fish
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DOI：
10.1111/oik.09713
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发表时间：
2023-02
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Michelle H. Busch;D. Allen;K. Marske;Lucie Kuczynski
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Michelle H. Busch;D. Allen;K. Marske;Lucie Kuczynski
群落如何构成是一个基本的生态问题。群落结构不仅受区域物种库的限制，还可能受到气候变化和其他环境因素的影响。随着时间的推移，功能和系统发育分散模式的变化可以阐明群落结构过程的时间动态。我们量化了40年来美国南部平原河流鱼类群落的分类、功能和系统发育多样性的时间变化，以评估气候变化如何影响群落模式。我们还探讨了三种不同功能性状类别（生活史、环境耐受性和营养水平）的使用以及所有性状的组合如何影响功能多样性对环境驱动因素的响应。我们发现，在所有多样性指数中，历史丰富度低的组合具有较高的当代多样性，而历史丰富度高的组合具有较低的当代多样性。基于生活史性状、营养性状和所有性状组合的功能丰富度随着时间的推移呈下降趋势，而基于环境耐受性性状的功能丰富度呈相反趋势。分散程度高和分散程度低的群落在系统发育上的分散都转向了随机性。随着时间的推移，鱼类多样性模式的变化受到温度变化的影响，尽管这种影响与度量有关。总体而言，我们发现虽然群落结构发生了变化，但群落的历史丰富度比区域气候变化更能预测具体的变化。
How communities are structured is a fundamental ecological question. Community structure, while constrained by the regional species pool, may be altered by changes in climate and other environmental stressors. Changes in patterns of functional and phylogenetic dispersion over time can illuminate the temporal dynamics of the processes structuring communities. We quantified temporal changes in taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity of stream fish assemblages in the southern plains of the U.S. across four decades to assess how climatic change has influenced community patterns. We also explored how the use of three different functional trait categories (life history, environmental tolerance and trophic level) and all traits combined affected the response of functional diversity to environmental drivers. We found, for all diversity indices, that assemblages with low historical richness had high contemporary diversity, while assemblages with high historical richness had low contemporary diversity. Functional richness based on life history traits, trophic traits, and all traits combined decreased in diversity over time, while functional richness based on environmental tolerance traits showed the opposite pattern. Phylogenetic dispersion of both over‐ and under‐dispersed communities shifted toward randomness. Changes in fish diversity patterns were influenced by changes in temperature over time, though impacts were metric dependent. Overall, we found that while community structure has changed, specific changes were more strongly predicted by the historical richness of the community than by regional climate change.