The role of hopanoids in fortifying rhizobia against a changing climate.
The role of hopanoids in fortifying rhizobia against a changing climate.
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DOI：
10.1111/1462-2920.15594
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发表时间：
2021-05
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Elise Tookmanian;Brittany J Belin;J. Sáenz;D. Newman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Elise Tookmanian;Brittany J Belin;J. Sáenz;D. Newman
细菌是全球可持续的固定氮来源，对生命至关重要，对现代农业至关重要。许多固氮细菌在农业上是重要的，包括被称为根瘤菌的细菌，它们与世界各地的豆科植物共同促进生长。根瘤菌要成为有效的共生体，必须克服多种环境挑战：从在土壤中生存，到向植物环境过渡，到在根瘤内保持高代谢活性。气候变化有可能加剧这些挑战，特别是由于土壤水势的波动。了解根瘤菌如何应对环境压力对于维持下个世纪的农业产量至关重要。细菌外膜是抵御物理和化学环境压力的第一道防线，脂质在决定外膜的坚固性方面起着至关重要的作用。特别是，脂质A和甾醇类似物（hopanoids）的结构重塑在应激适应中起着重要作用。在这里，我们讨论了根瘤菌独特的外膜脂质组成如何在气候变化导致的渗透胁迫增加的情况下支撑它们的恢复力，说明了研究微生物膜的重要性，并强调了开发更可持续的土壤添加剂的潜在途径。这篇文章受版权保护。版权所有。
Bacteria are a globally sustainable source of fixed nitrogen, which is essential for life and crucial for modern agriculture. Many nitrogen-fixing bacteria are agriculturally important, including bacteria known as rhizobia that participate in growth-promoting symbioses with legume plants throughout the world. To be effective symbionts, rhizobia must overcome multiple environmental challenges: from surviving in the soil, to transitioning to the plant environment, to maintaining high metabolic activity within root nodules. Climate change threatens to exacerbate these challenges, especially through fluctuations in soil water potential. Understanding how rhizobia cope with environmental stress is crucial for maintaining agricultural yields in the coming century. The bacterial outer membrane is the first line of defense against physical and chemical environmental stresses, and lipids play a crucial role in determining the robustness of the outer membrane. In particular, structural remodeling of Lipid A and sterol-analogues known as hopanoids are instrumental in stress acclimation. Here, we discuss how the unique outer membrane lipid composition of rhizobia may underpin their resilience in the face of increasing osmotic stress expected due to climate change, illustrating the importance of studying microbial membranes and highlighting potential avenues towards more sustainable soil additives. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.