The effects of exposure to traumatic stressors on inhibitory control in police officers: A dense electrode array study using a Go/NoGo continuous performance task
The effects of exposure to traumatic stressors on inhibitory control in police officers: A dense electrode array study using a Go/NoGo continuous performance task
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2013.03.009
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发表时间：
2013-03-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Shucard, David W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Covey, Thomas J.;Shucard, Janet L.;Shucard, David W.
在警察工作中，暴露于心理应激和创伤经历以及对环境刺激的高度关注的要求是很常见的。警察患上创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)等与压力相关的疾病的风险增加。创伤经历会导致与注意力和认知控制过程(如反应抑制)相关的大脑结构和功能的改变。尽管这些认知功能可能对警察的工作表现具有重要意义，但很少有研究考察暴露在创伤事件中对警察自上而下的认知控制功能的影响。在本研究中，使用密集电极阵列系统检测了不符合创伤后应激障碍当前诊断标准的创伤暴露警察和非创伤暴露的平民对照组在GO/NOGO连续操作任务(GO/NOGO CPT)中事件相关电位(ERP)的N_2和P_3成分。获得GO、NOGO和非靶向试验的波幅和潜伏期。组间主要表现为P3波幅。对于氮气，没有群体效应。与围棋试验相比，两组患者的NoGo前额中枢P3波幅都有所提高。然而，与所有试验类型(GO、NOGO、非靶标)的对照相比，警察的P3波幅更大。警察创伤后应激障碍症状评分与前额中枢NOGO P3波幅呈正相关，与后方NOGO波幅无相关性。在一项需要持续注意和抑制性控制的任务中，警察的P3波幅普遍高于对照组，这一研究提供了警察高度注意和/或唤醒的证据。创伤暴露个体中更严重的创伤后应激障碍症状可能会影响与反应抑制相关的额叶认知控制系统。(C)2013爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
Exposure to psychologically stressful and traumatic experiences and the requirement of heightened attention to environmental stimuli are common in police work. Police officers are at increased risk for stress-related disorders such as Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Traumatic experiences can result in changes to brain structure and function associated with attention and cognitive control processes (such as response inhibition). Despite the significance that these cognitive functions may have on job performance in police officers, few studies have examined the effects of exposure to traumatic events on top-down cognitive control functions in police. In the present study, a dense electrode array system was used to examined the N2 and P3 components of the event-related potential (ERP) during a Go/NoGo continuous performance task (Go/NoGo CPT) in trauma-exposed police officers who did not meet criteria for a current diagnosis of PTSD and in non-trauma exposed civilian controls. Amplitude and latency were obtained to Go, NoGo, and nontarget trials. The major between-group findings were for P3 amplitude. There were no group effects for N2. Both groups had an enhanced fronto-central P3 amplitude to NoGo compared to Go trials. However, police had greater P3 amplitude compared to controls for all trial types (Go, NoGo, non-target). PTSD symptom scores in police officers were positively correlated with fronto-central NoGo P3 amplitude, but not with posterior NoGo amplitude. This study provides evidence of heightened attention and/or arousal in police officers as indicated by the generally greater P3 amplitude in police compared to controls during a task requiring sustained attention and inhibitory control. Greater PTSD symptom severity in trauma-exposed individuals may affect frontal cognitive control systems related to response inhibition. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.