Do words facilitate object categorization in 9-month-old infants?
Do words facilitate object categorization in 9-month-old infants?
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DOI：
10.1006/jecp.1996.2332
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发表时间：
1997-01-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Waxman, SR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Balaban, MT;Waxman, SR
先前的研究表明，新单词对学前儿童以及年仅12个月的婴儿能突出物体类别。三项实验将这些发现延伸至9个月大的婴儿。婴儿熟悉动物（如兔子）的幻灯片。在单词条件下的婴儿听到针对婴儿的单词短语（“一只兔子”），而在音调条件下的婴儿听到音调。在熟悉过程中，相对于无声试验，有声音（单词或音调）的试验中婴儿的视觉注视增强。在测试试验中，来自熟悉类别（如兔子）的一个新样本与一种新的动物（如猪）配对。单词条件下的婴儿比音调条件下的婴儿对新事物表现出更大的关注。第三组听到内容过滤后的单词的婴儿与单词条件下的婴儿反应相似。在一个描述婴儿在出生后第一年对语言逐渐理解的框架内，讨论了单词和内容过滤后的单词对物体分类的促进作用的影响。(C) 1997学术出版社
Previous research reveals that novel words highlight object categories for preschoolers and infants as young as 12 months. Three experiments extend these findings to 9-month-olds. Infants were familiarized to slides of animals (e.g., rabbits). Infants in the Word condition heard infant-directed word phrases (''a rabbit'') and infants in the Tone condition heard tones. During familiarization, infants' visual fixation was enhanced on trials with sounds (either words or tones), relative to silent trials. On test trials, a new exemplar from the familiar category (e.g., rabbit) was paired with a novel animal (e.g., pig). Infants in the Word condition showed greater attention to novelty than those in the Tone condition. A third group of infants who heard content-filtered words responded similarly to infants in the Word condition. Implications of the facilitative effects of words and content-filtered words on object categorization are discussed within a framework describing infants' emerging appreciation of language over the first year of life. (C) 1997 Academic Press