Social cognition by food-caching corvids. The western scrub-jay as a natural psychologist
Social cognition by food-caching corvids. The western scrub-jay as a natural psychologist
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2006.1992
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发表时间：
2007-04-29
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Emery, Nathan J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clayton, Nicola S.;Dally, Joanna M.;Emery, Nathan J.
食物贮藏提供了隐藏食物，但这样的贮藏很容易被其他个体偷走。因此，鸟类使用了几种对抗策略来保护它们的贮藏物不被偷走，例如将大部分贮藏物藏在视线之外。当潜在的窃贼在偷东西的时候观察到它们时，经验丰富的松鸦也曾是小偷，它们会采取进一步的保护措施。一旦潜在的窃贼离开，它们就会移动那些鸟看到的贮藏物，把它们重新藏在新的地方。没有偷窃经验的幼稚鸟不会这样做。通过关注先前被潜在的窃贼观察到的缓存者的反击策略，这些结果提出了一个有趣的可能性，即重新缓存是基于一种心理归因形式，即模拟另一只鸟的观点。此外，松鸦还会跟踪观察它们觅食时的观察者，并采取相应的保护措施，这表明它们也可能知道其他人的知识状态。
Food-caching corvids hide food, but such caches are susceptible to pilfering by other individuals. Consequently, the birds use several counter strategies to protect their caches from theft, e. g. hiding most of them out of sight. When observed by potential pilferers at the time of caching, experienced jays that have been thieves themselves, take further protective action. Once the potential pilferers have left, they move caches those birds have seen, re-hiding them in new places. Naive birds that had no thieving experience do not do so. By focusing on the counter strategies of the cacher when previously observed by a potential pilferer, these results raise the intriguing possibility that re-caching is based on a form of mental attribution, namely the simulation of another bird's viewpoint. Furthermore, the jays also keep track of the observer which was watching when they cached and take protective action accordingly, thus suggesting that they may also be aware of others' knowledge states.