HIDDEN LEVERS OF INTERNET CONTROL
HIDDEN LEVERS OF INTERNET CONTROL
复制标题
隐藏的互联网控制手段
DOI：
10.1080/1369118x.2012.659199
复制
发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
L. DeNardis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. DeNardis
对网络信息控制权的争夺往往发生在互联网基础设施层面。全球化和技术变革的力量削弱了主权国家和媒体内容制作者直接控制信息流动的能力。对内容失去控制以及法律和市场未能重新获得这种控制，使政治和经济斗争转向基础设施领域，特别是互联网治理技术。这些技术架构的安排也是权力的安排。这种权力向基础设施的转移重新引起了人们对互联网架构政治的关注，以及创建和管理这些基础设施的协调机构和私人秩序的合法性。在越来越多地利用基础设施控制信息的背景下，这也提出了与表达自由有关的问题。本文探讨了治理和基础设施之间的关系，重点放在三个具体的例子，内容之争如何转移到这个互联网治理基础设施的领域：使用互联网的域名系统的知识产权执法;使用“开关”的方法来限制信息的流动;和维基解密的基础设施服务终止。本文最后对这种以基础设施为中介的治理对经济和表达自由的影响进行了一些思考。
Battles over the control of information online are often fought at the level of Internet infrastructure. Forces of globalization and technological change have diminished the capacity of sovereign nation states and media content producers to directly control information flows. This loss of control over content and the failure of laws and markets to regain this control have redirected political and economic battles into the realm of infrastructure and, in particular, technologies of Internet governance. These arrangements of technical architecture are also arrangements of power. This shift of power to infrastructure is drawing renewed attention to the politics of Internet architecture and the legitimacy of the coordinating institutions and private ordering that create and administer these infrastructures. It also raises questions related to freedom of expression in the context of this increasing turn to infrastructure to control information. This article explores the relationship between governance and infrastructure, focusing on three specific examples of how battles over content have shifted into the realm of this Internet governance infrastructure: the use of the Internet's domain name system for intellectual property rights enforcement; the use of ‘kill-switch’ approaches to restrict the flow of information; and the termination of infrastructure services to WikiLeaks. The article concludes with some thoughts about the implications of this infrastructure-mediated governance for economic and expressive liberties.