Universal Quantifier PPIs
Universal Quantifier PPIs
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通用量词 PPI
DOI：
10.5334/gjgl.220
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. Zeijlstra
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Zeijlstra
为什么作为通用量词的积极极性项目（PPIs）只在情态助词领域得到证实（参见Homer t.a., Iatridou & Zeijlstra 2010, 2013），而从未在个体量词领域得到证实？没有PPI意味着所有人或所有事都被报告过。在本文中，我认为普遍量词PPIs实际上确实存在，无论是在个体的量词领域还是在可能世界的量词领域，正如我所认为的那样，kadmon&landman (1993) - Krifka (1995) - Chierchia（2006, 2013）的NPIhood方法所预测的那样。然而，根据Chierchia（2006, 2013）的说法，隐蔽的排气器是由这些PPI诱导的（并负责它们的PPI-hood），可以作为PPI与其反许可者之间的干预者，因此本文得出结论，一个通用量词PPI的范围可能低于它，因此伪装出现；它们的类似ppi的行为只有在它们的词法语法上先于它们的反许可方时才可见。本文的另一个结论是，荷兰语的iedereen （everyone）与英语的everybody相反，实际上是一个PPI。
Why have Positive Polarity Items (PPIs) that are universal quantifiers only been attested in the domain of modal auxiliaries (cf. Homer t.a., Iatridou & Zeijlstra 2010, 2013) and never in the domain of quantifiers over individuals? No PPI meaning everybody or everything has ever been reported. In this paper, I argue that universal quantifier PPIs actually do exist, both in the domain of quantifiers over individuals and in the domain of quantifiers over possible worlds, as, I argue, is predicted by the Kadmon & Landman (1993) - Krifka (1995) - Chierchia (2006, 2013) approach to NPIhood. However, since the covert exhaustifier that according to Chierchia (2006, 2013) is induced by these PPIs (and responsible for their PPI-hood) can act as an intervener between the PPI and its anti-licenser, it is concluded in this paper that a universal quantifier PPIs may scope below it and thus appear in disguise; their PPI-like behaviour only becomes visible once they morpho-syntactically precede their anti-licenser. Another conclusion of this paper is that Dutch iedereen (‚everybody’), opposite to English everybody, is actually a PPI.