Electrophysiological evidence for an independent effect of memory retrieval on referential processing
Electrophysiological evidence for an independent effect of memory retrieval on referential processing
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jml.2018.05.003
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发表时间：
2018-10-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Ferreira, Fernanda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Karimi, Hossein;Swaab, Tamara Y.;Ferreira, Fernanda
在这项研究中，我们发现，从记忆中重新激活和检索潜在的指称表征的困难（检索困难）影响指称加工，并且这种效果是独立的代词的潜在指称的数量或可能的指称解释的概率（指称连贯性）。在两个实验中，我们通过操纵两个参考候选者是否被额外的语义信息修改来改变检索难度，分别创建代表性丰富（修改）或裸（未修改）的参考候选者，并且我们测量了事件相关脑电位（ERPs）以下代词。我们观察到一个持续的正面负移（Nref效应）的代词裸露，因此难以检索，参考候选人相对于那些代表丰富的候选人，无论代词的歧义和参考解释的概率。由于参照连贯性在整个条件下保持不变，结果表明，检索困难影响参照处理独立的连贯性。我们讨论了基于记忆的语言处理理论的影响。
In this study, we show that the difficulty of re-activating and retrieving the representations of potential referents from memory (retrieval difficulty) influences referential processing, and that this effect is independent of the number of potential referents for a pronoun or the probability of possible referential interpretations (referential coherence). In two experiments, we varied retrieval difficulty by manipulating whether two referential candidates were modified by extra semantic information or not, creating representationally rich (modified) or bare (unmodified) referential candidates, respectively, and we measured event-related brain potentials (ERPs) on following pronouns. We observed a sustained frontal negative shift (the Nref effect) on pronouns following bare, and therefore difficult-to-retrieve, referential candidates relative to those following representationally rich candidates, regardless of the ambiguity of pronouns and the probability of either referential interpretation. Since referential coherence was held constant across the conditions, the results suggest that retrieval difficulty affects referential processing independently of coherence. We discuss the implications for memory-based theories of language processing.