What Can Evolutionary History Tell Us about the Functioning of Ecological Communities? The ASN Presidential Debate
What Can Evolutionary History Tell Us about the Functioning of Ecological Communities? The ASN Presidential Debate
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DOI：
10.1086/726336
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发表时间：
2023-07
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Mayfield;J. Lau;J. Tobias;A. Ives;S. Strauss
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Mayfield;J. Lau;J. Tobias;A. Ives;S. Strauss
2018年1月，时任美国博物学家协会主席的莎伦·施特劳斯组织了一场关于以下主题的辩论：进化史是否会告知生态群落目前的运作？辩论者--艾夫斯、刘、梅菲尔德和托拜厄斯--以标准的辩论形式提出了赞成和反对的论点。大量的例子表明，近期的微观进化历史和长期的宏观进化历史对群落的生态功能都很重要。另一方面，许多其他例子表明，社区或社区成员的进化史不会对生态功能产生很大影响，或者至少不是很大。本文旨在对当代和历史进化对社区功能的影响的研究中出现的一致和冲突的模式进行挑衅性的讨论，并找出进一步研究的问题。这是一次发人深省的练习，旨在探索这一复杂的领域，特别是解决(1)关键假设及其如何将我们引向歧途，以及(2)需要进一步研究的问题。辩论者一致认为，进化史至少可以告诉我们群落功能的某些方面。然而，这场辩论的根本问题是，生态学和进化论领域如何才能最有利可图地合作，以提供对生态群落更深更广的理解。
In January 2018, Sharon Strauss, then president of the American Society of Naturalists, organized a debate on the following topic: does evolutionary history inform the current functioning of ecological communities? The debaters—Ives, Lau, Mayfield, and Tobias—presented pro and con arguments, caricatured in standard debating format. Numerous examples show that both recent microevolutionary and longer-term macroevolutionary history are important to the ecological functioning of communities. On the other hand, many other examples illustrate that the evolutionary history of communities or community members does not influence ecological function, or at least not very much. This article aims to provide a provocative discussion of the consistent and conflicting patterns that emerge in the study of contemporary and historical evolutionary influences on community function, as well as to identify questions for further study. It is intended as a thought-provoking exercise to explore this complex field, specifically addressing (1) key assumptions and how they can lead us astray and (2) issues that need additional study. The debaters all agree that evolutionary history can inform us about at least some aspects of community function. The underlying question at the root of the debate, however, is how the fields of ecology and evolution can most profitably collaborate to provide a deeper and broader understanding of ecological communities.