Splitting attention reduces temporal resolution from 7 Hz for tracking one object to <3 Hz when tracking three
Splitting attention reduces temporal resolution from 7 Hz for tracking one object to <3 Hz when tracking three
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DOI：
10.1167/13.1.12
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Chen, Wei-Ying
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Holcombe, Alex O.;Chen, Wei-Ying
众所周知，跟踪移动目标时，目标数量越多，整体性能越差，但从未研究过对跟踪时间分辨率的具体影响。我们记录了广泛的显示参数，其中视觉跟踪受到时间频率（目标位于每个位置和干扰物移动并取代它之间的时间间隔）而不是对象速度的限制。我们测试了在眼睛保持固定的情况下跟踪一个、两个和三个移动目标。干扰物数量及其速度的变化揭示了跟踪的速度限制和时间频率限制。时间频率限制从 1 个目标的 7 Hz 降至 2 个目标的 4 Hz 和 3 个目标的 2.6 Hz。这种性能大幅下降意味着，在双目标条件下，参与者如果只跟踪两个目标之一而忽略另一个，效果会更好。这些效应是通过涉及单个跟踪焦点的串行模型来预测的，该跟踪焦点必须在目标之间切换，一次仅对一个目标的位置进行采样。如果并行处理理论要解释为什么划分跟踪资源会如此显着地降低时间分辨率，则需要补充假设。
Overall performance when tracking moving targets is known to be poorer for larger numbers of targets, but the specific effect on tracking's temporal resolution has never been investigated. We document a broad range of display parameters for which visual tracking is limited by temporal frequency (the interval between when a target is at each location and a distracter moves in and replaces it) rather than by object speed. We tested tracking of one, two, and three moving targets while the eyes remained fixed. Variation of the number of distracters and their speed revealed both speed limits and temporal frequency limits on tracking. The temporal frequency limit fell from 7 Hz with one target to 4 Hz with two targets and 2.6 Hz with three targets. The large size of this performance decrease implies that in the two-target condition participants would have done better by tracking only one of the two targets and ignoring the other. These effects are predicted by serial models involving a single tracking focus that must switch among the targets, sampling the position of only one target at a time. If parallel processing theories are to explain why dividing the tracking resource reduces temporal resolution so markedly, supplemental assumptions will be required.