Agri‐environment schemes targeting farmland bird populations also provide food for pollinating insects
Agri‐environment schemes targeting farmland bird populations also provide food for pollinating insects
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针对农田鸟类种群的农业环境计划也为授粉昆虫提供食物
DOI：
10.1111/afe.12289
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
A. Jacquemart
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Ouvrard;A. Jacquemart
过去几十年来，农田生物多样性有所下降。欧洲共同农业政策鼓励农民建立农业环境计划（AES），以支持生物多样性和授粉等相关生态系统服务。尽管很少有 AES 专门用于授粉昆虫，但许多 AES 可以为传粉媒介提供资源。在比利时，旨在为野生鸟类提供种子资源的 AES（鸟带 AES）包含可能有益于昆虫的混合植物群落，尽管它们支持传粉媒介的能力尚未得到评估。本研究旨在评估鸟带 AES 支持授粉昆虫的能力。我们在两年多的时间里对位于比利时密集农业生态系统的四个鸟类地带的花卉资源、访花昆虫和昆虫与花卉相互作用网络进行了识别和量化。鸟类带中含有故意播种或自发生长的植物物种。自发的蓟属物种具有高花蜜产量，提供了花卉资源，补充了播种物种 Raphanus sativus 和 Phacelia tanacetifolia 的花卉资源。大多数被认为是传粉昆虫的访花昆虫属于膜翅目和双翅目。总之，鸟带 AES 为传粉者提供了花卉资源，即使没有每年播种。
Farmland biodiversity has declined over the past few decades. European Common Agricultural Policy encourages farmers to set up agri‐environment schemes (AES) that support biodiversity and associated ecosystem services such as pollination. Although few AES are specifically devoted to pollinating insects, many AES could provide resources for pollinators. In Belgium, AES designed to provide seed resources for wild birds (bird‐strip AES) contain mixed‐plant communities that may benefit insects, although their ability to support pollinators has not yet been evaluated. The present study aimed to assess the ability of bird‐strip AES to support pollinating insects. We identified and quantified floral resources, flower‐visiting insects and insect–flower interaction networks over 2 years on four bird strips located in intensive agro‐ecosystems in Belgium. The bird strips contained plant species that were either purposely sown or established spontaneously. The spontaneous Cirsium species, with its high nectar production, offered floral resources that complemented those of the sown species Raphanus sativus and Phacelia tanacetifolia. Most of the flower‐visiting insects considered as pollinators belonged to the orders Hymenoptera and Diptera. In conclusion, bird‐strip AES provided floral resources to pollinators, even in the absence of annual sowing.