Sub-Hertz resonance by weak measurement
Sub-Hertz resonance by weak measurement
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DOI：
10.1038/s41467-020-15557-6
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发表时间：
2018-12
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Weizhi Qu;Shenchao Jin;Jian Sun;Liang Jiang;J. Wen;Yanhong Xiao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Weizhi Qu;Shenchao Jin;Jian Sun;Liang Jiang;J. Wen;Yanhong Xiao
具有状态预选择和后选择的弱测量（WM）可以放大否则无法检测到的小信号，因此在精密测量应用中具有潜力。虽然频率测量提供了迄今为止最高的精度，由于稳定的窄原子跃迁，它仍然是一个长期的兴趣，开发新的计划，以进一步提升其性能。在这里，我们展示了一个WM增强相关光谱技术，能够缩小共振线宽下降到0.1赫兹，在室温原子蒸气室。这种技术的潜力，精密测量证明通过弱磁场传感。通过以近乎正交的方式明智地预先和之后选择频率调制的输入和输出光学状态，仅使用一束功率为15 µW的激光束就可以在接近DC的低频下实现7 fT Hz−1/2的灵敏度。此外，我们的研究结果扩展WM框架的非厄米哈密顿量，并揭示了新的光计量和生物磁场传感。
Weak measurement (WM) with state pre- and post-selection can amplify otherwise undetectable small signals and thus has potential in precision measurement applications. Although frequency measurements offer the hitherto highest precision due to the stable narrow atomic transitions, it remains a long-standing interest to develop new schemes to further escalate their performance. Here, we demonstrate a WM-enhanced correlation spectroscopy technique capable of narrowing the resonance linewidth down to 0.1 Hz in a room-temperature atomic vapour cell. The potential of this technique for precision measurement is demonstrated through weak magnetic-field sensing. By judiciously pre- and post-selecting frequency-modulated input and output optical states in a nearly orthogonal manner, a sensitivity of 7 fT Hz−1/2at a low frequency near DC is achieved using only one laser beam with 15 µW of power. Additionally, our results extend the WM framework to a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian and shed new light on metrology and bio-magnetic field sensing.