Mastomys natalensis is a possible natural rodent reservoir for encephalomyocarditis virus
Mastomys natalensis is a possible natural rodent reservoir for encephalomyocarditis virus
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DOI：
10.1099/jgv.0.001564
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发表时间：
2021-01-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Sasaki, Michihito
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kishimoto, Mai;Hang'ombe, Bernard M.;Sasaki, Michihito
脑心肌炎病毒（EMCV）可感染多种宿主，并可在某些哺乳动物物种中引起脑炎、心肌炎、生殖障碍和糖尿病。对于人类来说，EMCV 感染似乎是通过与动物接触而发生的，并可能导致一些感染患者出现发热性疾病。在这里，我们从赞比亚出生的多乳小鼠（Mastomys natalensis：M. natalensis）中分离出 EMCV 毒株 ZM12/14。由抗原衣壳蛋白组成的ZM12/14 P1区域的配对序列相似性显示，与EMCV血清型1（EMCV-1）的核苷酸（80.7%）和氨基酸（96.2%）序列的相似性最高。系统发育分析表明，ZM12/14 在 P1 和 P3 区域聚集成 EMCV-1，但在 P2 区域与已知的 EMCV 毒株分离，这表明 ZM12/14 具有独特的进化历史。使用从赞比亚不同地区捕获的各种啮齿动物 (n = 179) 收集的组织和血清进行逆转录 PCR (RT-PCR) 筛选和中和抗体测定。我们在 19 M. natalensis (19/179=10.6 %) 中检测到了 EMCV 基因组，并在 33 M. natalensis (33/179=18.4%) 中检测到了 EMCV 中和抗体。然而，我们没有在其他啮齿动物物种中检测到基因组或中和抗体。在 RT-PCR 阴性和阳性动物中均观察到高中和抗体升（> = 320）。接种ZM12/14引起BALB/c小鼠无症状持续感染，抗体滴度高，部分器官病毒载量高，与上述流行病学结果一致。这项研究是赞比亚分离出 EMCV 的第一份报告，表明 M. natalensis 可能发挥着天然感染储存库的作用。
Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) infects a wide range of hosts and can cause encephalitis, myocarditis, reproductive disorders and diabetes mellitus in selected mammalian species. As for humans, EMCV infection seems to occur by the contact with animals and can cause febrile illnesses in some infected patients. Here we isolated EMCV strain ZM12/14 from a natal multimammate mouse (Mastomys natalensis: M. natalensis) in Zambia. Pairwise sequence similarity of the ZM12/14 P1 region consisting of antigenic capsid proteins showed the highest similarity of nucleotide (80.7%) and amino acid (96.2%) sequence with EMCV serotype 1 (EMCV-1). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that ZM12/14 clustered into EMCV-1 at the P1 and P3 regions but segregated from known EMCV strains at the P2 region, suggesting a unique evolutionary history. Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) screening and neutralizing antibody assays for EMCV were performed using collected tissues and serum from various rodents (n=179) captured in different areas in Zambia. We detected the EMCV genome in 19 M. natalensis (19/179=10.6 %) and neutralizing antibody for EMCV in 33 M. natalensis (33/179=18.4%). However, we did not detect either the genome or neutralizing antibody in other rodent species. High neutralizing antibody litres (>= 320) were observed in both RT-PCR-negative and -positive animals. Inoculation of ZM12/14 caused asymptomatic persistent infection in BALB/c mice with high antibody titres and high viral loads in some organs, consistent with the above epidemiological results. This study is the first report of the isolation of EMCV in Zambia, suggesting that M. natalensis may play a role as a natural reservoir of infection.