The new rare record of the late Oligocene lizards and amphisbaenians from Germany and its impact on our knowledge of the European terminal Palaeogene
The new rare record of the late Oligocene lizards and amphisbaenians from Germany and its impact on our knowledge of the European terminal Palaeogene
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DOI：
10.1007/s12549-015-0226-8
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发表时间：
2016-12-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Muller, Johannes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cernansky, Andrej;Klembara, Jozef;Muller, Johannes
对欧洲晚渐新世以来的鳞类动物只有很少的研究，导致我们对最新的古近纪爬行动物动物群的认识出现了很大的空白。本文报道了德国两个地区晚渐新世新化石：Herrlingen 11(MP 28)和Herrlingen 9(MP 29)。这些材料可归入以下主要支系：鬣蜥科、壁虎科、蜥蜴科、双棘纲和钩形纲。蜥蜴类材料表明，这一支系在欧洲渐新世的分布比之前认为的要广泛得多，也是除马达加斯加外，欧亚和非洲这一支系已知的最年轻记录。虽然非常零碎，但从小的尺寸和形态来看，壁虎滩物质似乎更类似于早期中新世的形式，如Euleptes或Gerandogekko，而不是像Cadurcogekko这样的早渐新世分类群。壁虎滩化石与中新世形态的相似之处表明，在古近纪-新近纪转换之前，可能存在动物群的更替。两栖动物的物质有几种类型；第一种类型可以根据齿数和小的第四颗牙齿和扩大的第三颗牙齿的存在来划分，这是一个派生特征。第二种类型归属于古潜蝇属。其他颅骨材料被分配给Amphisbaenia indet。碎屑物质由几种蛇形齿组成，如龙龙、拟龙目和中齿龙，与欧洲其他渐新世沉积物中常见的一样，但也包括非蛇形目的分类群，如Plesiolacerta和一种未确定的撕裂石。在这些材料中特别常见的是态态型，在这里以蛇夫龙为代表，一种似乎与法国渐新世分类群相同的形式被描述为Dopsia coderetsis。对欧洲渐新世“Dopsia”(=Ophisaurus)的重新研究表明，被描述为D.frayssensis和D.coderetsis的分类群在后牙区域的形态上与Ophisaurus分支的成员明显不同，这些分类群不能归为该属。为此，我们建立了一个新的属名：Ophisauromimus gen。11月Herrlingen动物群的组成显示了古代古近纪和更现代的新近纪动物群元素的有趣组合，同时总体上与法国的同时代动物群有许多相似之处。
There have been only a few studies on squamates from the late Oligocene of Europe, resulting in significant gaps in our knowledge of the reptile faunas from the latest Paleogene. Here, we report on new late Oligocene fossil material from two German localities, Herrlingen 11 (MP 28) and Herrlingen 9 (MP 29). The material can be assigned to the following major clades: Iguanidae, Gekkota, Lacertidae, Amphisbaenia, and Anguimorpha. The iguanid material shows that this clade was much more widely distributed in the Oligocene of Europe than previously thought, and also represents the youngest known record of this clade for Eurasia and Africa, with the exception of Madagascar. Although very fragmentary, the gekkotan material appears to be more similar to early Miocene forms such as Euleptes or Gerandogekko, rather than to early Oligocene taxa like Cadurcogekko, as indicated by the small size and morphology. The resemblance of the gekkotan fossils to Miocene forms suggests potential faunal turnover prior to the Paleogene-Neogene transition. The amphisbaenian material is represented by several types; the first can be allocated to Blanidae based on tooth count and the presence of a small 4th and an enlarged 3rd tooth, which is a derived feature. The second type is attributed to Palaeoblanus. Other cranial material is assigned to Amphisbaenia indet. The lacertid material consists of several amblyodont forms such as Dracaenosaurus, Pseudeumeces and Mediolacerta, as typically seen in other Oligocene deposits from Europe, but also includes non-ambylodont taxa such as Plesiolacerta and an undetermined lacertid. Especially common among the material are anguimorphs, which are here represented by Ophisaurus and a form that appears identical to the French Oligocene taxon described as Dopasia coderetensis. Reinvestigation of the European Oligocene "Dopasia" (=Ophisaurus) shows that the taxa described as D. frayssensis and D. coderetensis are markedly different from the members of the clade Ophisaurus in the morphology of the posterior dentary region and that those taxa cannot be allocated to this genus. For this reason, we erected a new generic name: Ophisauromimus gen. nov. The composition of the Herrlingen fauna shows an interesting mix of ancient Paleogene and more modern Neogene faunal elements, while overall bearing many similarities to contemporaneous faunas from France.