Poly(ADP-ribosylation) of DNA topoisomerase I: a nuclear response to DNA-strand interruptions.
Poly(ADP-ribosylation) of DNA topoisomerase I: a nuclear response to DNA-strand interruptions.
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DNA 拓扑异构酶 I 的聚（ADP-核糖基化）：对 DNA 链中断的核反应。
DOI：
10.1101/sqb.1984.049.01.077
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发表时间：
1984
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Olivera,BM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ferro,AM;McElwain,MC;Olivera,BM
真核生物染色体中的DNA与原核生物的DNA结构不同。真核生物染色体的染色质结构很可能导致了大分子DNA代谢的机制调整（Igo-Kemenes et al. 1982）。本文讨论了真核生物中的一种可能在染色质代谢中起作用的酶，聚（adp -核糖）合成酶，特别是该酶与另一种影响DNA结构的酶，i型DNA拓扑异构酶之间的相互作用。聚（adp -核糖）合成酶普遍存在于大多数真核生物细胞核中，除非受到DNA链断裂的刺激，否则它是无活性的（Yamada et al. 1971; Yoshihara 1972; Benjamin and Gill 1980）。为了响应激活的DNA结构，酶将聚阴离子聚合物链（聚adp核糖）共价附着在酶本身的位点上，以及一小类外源蛋白质受体上（回顾，见Hayaishi和Ueda 1982）。该酶以NAD为前体合成聚（adp -核糖）：nNAD~[adp -核糖]，+ nNm，其中Nm为烟酰胺。一种生物化学相关但代谢不同的现象是单链（adp -核糖基化）（见Hayaishi和Ueda 1982）。聚（adp -核糖基化）发生在细胞核中，单（adp -核糖基化）似乎主要发生在细胞质中。在目前研究的病例中，聚（adp -核糖）残基与谷氨酸相连，单（adp -核糖）与精氨酸相连（图1）。
DNA in eukaryotic chromosomes is organized differently from prokaryotic DNA. It seems highly probable that mechanistic adjustments have been made in macromolecular DNA metabolism as a consequence of the chromatin structure of the eukaryotic chromosome (Igo-Kemenes et al. 1982)). This paper deals with an enzyme from eukaryotes, poly (ADP-ribose) synthetase, which may have a role in chromatin metabolism, and, in particular, we focus on the interaction between this enzyme and another enzyme that affects the structure of DNA, type-I DNA topoisomerase. The enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) synthetase, ubiquitously found in most eukaryotic nuclei, is inactive unless stimulated by a DNA strand break (Yamada et al. 1971; Yoshihara 1972; Benjamin and Gill 1980). In response to an activating DNA structure, the enzyme covalently attaches chains of a polyanionic polymer, poly (ADP-ribose), both to sites on the enzyme itself, as well as to a small class of exogenous protein acceptors (for review, see Hayaishi and Ueda 1982). The enzyme synthesizes poly (ADP-ribose) using NAD as a precursor: nNAD~[ADP-ribose],+ nNm, where Nm is nicotinamide.A biochemically related, but metabolically distinct, phenomenon is mono (ADP-ribosylation)(see Hayaishi and Ueda 1982). Poly (ADP-ribosylation) occurs in the nucleus and mono (ADP-ribosylation) appears to be mainly cytoplasmic. In cases so far investigated, poly (ADP-ribose) residues are linked to glutamate and mono (ADP-ribose) is linked to arginine (Fig. 1).