Male mating and female postmating performances in cotton mealybug (Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley; Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae): effects of female density
Male mating and female postmating performances in cotton mealybug (Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley; Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae): effects of female density
复制标题
棉花粉蚧雄性交配和雌性交配后表现（Phenacoccus sonopsis Tinsley；半翅目：假球虫科）：雌性密度的影响
作者：
童浩杰;李自豪;叶婉仪;王英;敖艳;李飞;蒋明星
为了使女性密度与生殖输出密切相关。 ，我们调查了频率持续时间和男性的交配间隔为1、5、10和15个女性，我们还评估了伴侣女性的复制品，而女性的性别比随着女性的性别比例随着男性的增长而增加。但是，交配持续时间和观察到女性的繁殖参数（预卵周期，从OVISAC的形成到女性死亡，繁殖力和后代性别比）并没有显着差异。交配频率和间隔可以是受女性密度的显着影响，女性的密度对女性的延迟表现几乎没有影响。
For insects, female density is closely related to reproductive output. However, little is known about the effects of female density on male mating and female postmating performances. Here, we explored the effects of female density in cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), an invasive, rapidly spreading pest in Asia damaging multiple crops and horticultural plants. Using USB digital microscopes, we investigated the frequency, duration, and intervals of mating for males that were individually supplied with 1, 5, 10, and 15 females. We also evaluated the reproduction of mated females and the sex ratio of their offspring. As the female density increased, males mated with more females while substantially shortening mating intervals..Mating occurred actively at the densities of 10 and 15 females, where males mated four times on average, and some mated 6–9 times. However, mating duration and the observed reproductive parameters of females (preoviposition period, overall period from formation of ovisacs to female death, fecundity, and offspring sex ratio) did not differ significantly with female density. A weak trade-off existed between males’ mating frequency and longevity, but there was no relationship between females’ fecundity and longevity. In conclusion, despite their short lifespan, P. solenopsis males have a high mating capacity, and their mating frequency and intervals can be significantly affected by female density. In contrast, female density has little influence on females’ postmating performance. Our findings indicate the significance of the reproductive biology and life history strategies for rapid establishment and population development of mealybugs in newly invaded regions.