Computer simulations of quantum tunnelling in enzyme-catalysed hydrogen transfer reactions

Computer simulations of quantum tunnelling in enzyme-catalysed hydrogen transfer reactions
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酶催化氢转移反应中量子隧道效应的计算机模拟

DOI:
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发表时间:
2010
期刊:
Interdisciplinary Sciences Computational Life Sciences
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
A. Mulholland
A. Mulholland
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
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作者:
K. Ranaghan;A. Mulholland

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氢作为质子、氢化物或氢原子的转移是许多酶反应中的重要步骤。实验表明,一些酶催化氢转移反应的动力学同位素效应(KIE)明显偏离仅考虑同位素质量差异所施加的限制(即半经典限制)。如果氢物质的转移是通过量子力学隧道机制发生的,那么这些 KIE 就可以得到解释。一些 KIE 对温度的不同寻常的依赖性导致人们认为酶已经进化到通过动力学促进隧道效应——这是一个极具争议的假设。分子模拟在解决这些问题中发挥着至关重要的作用,提供了仅通过实验无法实现的详细分析水平。在这里,我们回顾了酶中量子隧道效应的计算分子模型研究,特别关注大豆脂氧合酶-1 (SLO-1)、二氢叶酸还原酶 (DHFR)、甲胺脱氢酶 (MADH) 和芳香胺脱氢酶 (AADH),以说明当前关于量子效应在酶催化中的重要性的争议。
Transfer of hydrogen as a proton, hydride or hydrogen atom is an important step in many enzymic reactions. Experiments show kinetic isotope effects (KIEs) for some enzyme-catalysed hydrogen transfer reactions that deviate significantly from the limits imposed by considering the differences in mass of the isotopes alone (i.e. the semiclassical limit). These KIEs can be explained if the transfer of the hydrogen species occurs via a quantum mechanical tunnelling mechanism. The unusual temperature dependence of some KIEs has led to suggestions that enzymes have evolved to promote tunnelling through dynamics — a highly controversial hypothesis. Molecular simulations have a vital role in resolving these questions, providing a level of detail of analysis not possible through experiments alone. Here, we review computational molecular modelling studies of quantum tunnelling in enzymes, in particular focusing on the enzymes soybean lipoxygenase-1 (SLO-1), dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), methylamine dehydrogenase (MADH) and aromatic amine dehydrogenase (AADH) to illustrate the current controversy regarding the importance of quantum effects in enzyme catalysis.
活性位点残基对于甲胺脱氢酶的折叠和稳定性至关重要。
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