Gene-agnostic therapeutic approaches for inherited retinal degenerations.

Gene-agnostic therapeutic approaches for inherited retinal degenerations.
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DOI:
10.3389/fnmol.2022.1068185
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Xue, Kanmin
Xue, Kanmin
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
John, Molly C. C.;Quinn, Joel;Hu, Monica L. L.;Cehajic-Kapetanovic, Jasmina;Xue, Kanmin

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遗传性视网膜疾病(IRD)与250多个基因的突变有关,是全球不可逆失明的主要原因。虽然基因增强或基因编辑疗法可以解决一小部分患者的潜在基因突变,但它们的效用仍然受到IRD的巨大遗传异质性和开发个性化疗法的成本的限制。基因不可知治疗方法针对驱动视网膜变性的常见致病途径或提供独立于遗传原因的视力功能性拯救,从而为所有IRD患者提供潜在的临床益处。在这里,我们回顾了关键的基因不可知的方法,包括视网膜细胞重编程和替代,神经营养支持,免疫调节和光遗传学。这些策略的相对好处和局限性和临床干预的时机进行了讨论。
Inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) are associated with mutations in over 250 genes and represent a major cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. While gene augmentation or gene editing therapies could address the underlying genetic mutations in a small subset of patients, their utility remains limited by the great genetic heterogeneity of IRDs and the costs of developing individualised therapies. Gene-agnostic therapeutic approaches target common pathogenic pathways that drive retinal degeneration or provide functional rescue of vision independent of the genetic cause, thus offering potential clinical benefits to all IRD patients. Here, we review the key gene-agnostic approaches, including retinal cell reprogramming and replacement, neurotrophic support, immune modulation and optogenetics. The relative benefits and limitations of these strategies and the timing of clinical interventions are discussed.
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