Global Metabolomic Characterizations of Microcystis spp. Highlights Clonal Diversity in Natural Bloom-Forming Populations and Expands Metabolite Structural Diversity
Global Metabolomic Characterizations of Microcystis spp. Highlights Clonal Diversity in Natural Bloom-Forming Populations and Expands Metabolite Structural Diversity
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2019.00791
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发表时间：
2019-04-16
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Marie, Benjamin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Le Manach, Severine;Duval, Charlotte;Marie, Benjamin
蓝细菌是一种具有光合作用的原核生物，能够合成多种具有重要生物活性或毒性的次生代谢产物。微囊藻是最常见的蓝藻属之一，形成了当今世界淡水生态系统中出现的密集水华。该属中的物种可以产生许多蓝藻毒素（即，有毒的蓝藻代谢物），这可能对人类健康和水生生物有害。为了更好地了解蓝藻毒素生产的微囊藻物种的克隆之间的变化，我们调查了24株分离自相同的花朵或不同的地理区域的不同人群的多样性。通过16 S-ITS片段测序的基因分型和使用LC ESI-qTOF质谱的代谢物化学分型来比较菌株。虽然基因分型可以帮助区分不同的物种，全球代谢组学分析显示，明确区分菌株之间的分子谱。这些配置文件可以聚类主要根据其全球代谢物含量，然后根据其基因型，最后根据其采样位置。由微囊藻属物种产生的所有代谢物的全球分子网络突出了一系列化学上不同的代谢物的产生，包括一些微囊藻毒素，许多气单胞菌毒素，microginins，cyanopeptolins和鱼腥藻毒素，以及大量的未知分子。这些组分构成了微囊藻的分子生物多样性，但它们的结构和潜在的生物活性（例如，毒性）。
Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic prokaryotes capable of synthesizing a large variety of secondary metabolites that exhibit significant bioactivity or toxicity. Microcystis constitutes one of the most common cyanobacterial genera, forming the intensive blooms that nowadays arise in freshwater ecosystems worldwide. Species in this genus can produce numerous cyanotoxins (i.e., toxic cyanobacterial metabolites), which can be harmful to human health and aquatic organisms. To better understand variations in cyanotoxin production between clones of Microcystis species, we investigated the diversity of 24 strains isolated from the same blooms or from different populations in various geographical areas. Strains were compared by genotyping with 16S-ITS fragment sequencing and metabolite chemotyping using LC ESI-qTOF mass spectrometry. While genotyping can help to discriminate among different species, the global metabolome analysis revealed clearly discriminating molecular profiles among strains. These profiles could be clustered primarily according to their global metabolite content, then according to their genotype, and finally according to their sampling location. A global molecular network of all metabolites produced by Microcystis species highlights the production of a wide set of chemically diverse metabolites, including a few microcystins, many aeruginosins, microginins, cyanopeptolins, and anabaenopeptins, together with a large set of unknown molecules. These components, which constitute the molecular biodiversity of Microcystis species, still need to be investigated in terms of their structure and potential bioactivites (e.g., toxicity).