Optimal dietary strategies for reducing incident hypertension.
Optimal dietary strategies for reducing incident hypertension.
复制标题
减少高血压发生的最佳饮食策略。
DOI：
10.1161/hypertensionaha.109.136630
复制
发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Anderson,CherylAM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Weir,MatthewR;Anderson,CherylAM
Hypertension is a heterogeneous disease process in which both genetic and environmental factors play an important role. Historically, one of the most important environmental determinants is dietary sodium intake, 1 consumed mostly as sodium chloride (salt). In humans, excessive dietary sodium intake is etiologically related to the epidemics of prehypertension and hypertension. Moreover, excessive dietary sodium intake has been associated with left ventricular hypertrophy and alterations in the structure and function of large arteries and renal vascular beds, in part, independent of the effect of sodium on blood pressure. 2 There is also evidence that dietary sodium may affect arteriolar stiffness and, ultimately, systolic and pulse pressures. However, this is not true in all patients and may be related to not only genetic variations and how sodium is handled by the kidneys but also other dietary nutrients that may, in part, offset the effects of dietary sodium.The study by Zhang et al3 suggests that another important environmental determinant of hypertension is dietary animal protein intake. The authors analyzed data from a prospective study of 87 293 nurses followed for 14 years and provide interesting new information that a diet with a higher net acid load was independently associated with increased risk of incident hypertension. This association remains significant after controlling for dietary factors, such as sodium, magnesium, calcium, folate, protein, and potassium. Thus, we may have 1 more important factor to consider when treating hypertension: diet-dependent net acid load. These observations are certainly not without foundation, because other cohort studies have noted that patients with hypocitraturia or increased serum and anion gap are more likely to have higher levels of blood pressure. 4, 5
