COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF PAPAIN AND VITAMIN A ON CARTILAGE
COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF PAPAIN AND VITAMIN A ON CARTILAGE
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木瓜蛋白酶和维生素 A 对软骨的影响比较
DOI：
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发表时间：
1960
影响因子：
15.3
通讯作者：
G. Weissmann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Thomas;R. McCluskey;J. L. Potter;G. Weissmann
给兔子服用大量维生素A已被证明会导致软骨基质耗尽。基质的正常嗜碱性、异染性和阿辛蓝染色特性丧失，特别是在关节和骺软骨中。软骨细胞保持完整，但尺寸减小。这些变化有时早在开始每日注射100万单位维生素A后48小时就出现，通常在5天内就已确立。一些兔子甚至在每天注射5次后也没有显示出软骨的变化。维生素A处理的家兔血清中，通常在第一次注射后72小时内，推测为硫酸软骨素的物质含量增加。这是证明了浊度法使用六氨合氯化钴。在开始维生素A治疗前5天给予硫-35（Na 2S 35 O 4）的家兔中，显示硫-35从关节和骺软骨中丢失。这与血清和钴可沉淀物质中不可透析的硫-35增加有关。这些兔子也比没有给予维生素A的兔子排出更多的硫-35。从维生素A处理的兔耳软骨中提取的软骨粘蛋白中的硫-35活性降低。这些变化被解释为表明给予兔大量维生素A导致从软骨基质中去除硫酸软骨素。施用少量粗制木瓜蛋白酶会引起软骨的组织学变化，这些变化与维生素A治疗的兔中所见的变化非常相似。建议的可能性，在软骨中产生的维生素A给兔子的变化可能是一种蛋白水解酶或酶的激活的结果，与木瓜蛋白酶的性质相似。
The administration of large amounts of vitamin A to rabbits has been shown to result in depletion of cartilage matrix. The normal basophilic, metachromatic, and Alcian blue staining properties of the matrix are lost, especially in articular and epiphyseal cartilage. The cartilage cells remain intact, but are reduced in size. These changes sometimes appeared as early as 48 hours after the initiation of daily injection of 1 million units of vitamin A, and were usually well established by 5 days. Some rabbits failed to show changes in cartilage, even after 5 daily injections. Increased amounts of material presumed to be chondroitin sulfate were present in the sera of vitamin A-treated rabbits, usually by 72 hours after the first injection. This was demonstrated by a turbidimetric procedure using hexamminecobaltic chloride. In rabbits given sulfur-35 (Na2S35O4) 5 days before the initiation of vitamin A treatment, it was shown that sulfur-35 was lost from articular and epiphyseal cartilage. This was associated with an increase in the non-dialyzable sulfur-35 in both serum and in the cobalt-precipitable material. These rabbits also excreted more sulfur-35 than rabbits not given vitamin A. There was a reduction in sulfur-35 activity in chondromucoprotein extracted from the ear cartilage of vitamin A-treated rabbits. The changes are interpreted as indicating that the administration of large amounts of vitamin A to rabbits results in removal of chondroitin sulfate from cartilage matrix. The administration of small amounts of crude papain causes histologic changes in cartilage that are remarkably similar to those seen in vitamin A-treated rabbits. The possibility is suggested that the changes in cartilage produced by administration of vitamin A to rabbits may be the result of activation of a proteolytic enzyme or enzymes, with properties similar to those of papain.