Multilateralismo, ordem mundial e Covid-19: questões atuais e desafios futuros para a OMS
Multilateralismo, ordem mundial e Covid-19: questões atuais e desafios futuros para a OMS
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多边主义、世界秩序和 Covid-19：OMS 的当前问题和未来发展方向
DOI：
10.1590/scielopreprints.1115
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rodrigo Pires de Campos
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Almeida;Rodrigo Pires de Campos
本文结合资本主义世界秩序和多边主义的争论，讨论世界卫生组织（WHO）的工作，分析在一个财富和权力不对称、霸权国家领导的异质世界中，国家间系统动态中流行病（包括新冠肺炎）的对抗。工作假设是，世卫组织和联合国信誉的变化以及改革要求可以追溯到世纪的最后十年，并与全球、一般和部门治理相关的问题密切相关，而这些问题又与整个战后和冷战后多边主义和资本主义世界秩序的转变有关。通过世界体系批判的历史方法，文献回顾和世界卫生组织官方文件的支持，本文得出结论，该组织的破坏和不断审查，它已经受到了几十年，超越偶尔的失败或“缺乏能力”，从一个双重的动态，内部和外部，由冷战后的“新自由世界秩序”的转变，与民族主义和全球资本主义的发展有关。
This essay discusses the work of the World Health Organization (WHO) in the light of debates about the capitalist world order and multilateralism, analyzing the confrontation of pandemics (including Covid-19) in the dynamics of the interstate system in a heterogeneous world, with asymmetries of wealth and power and led by hegemonic powers. The working hypothesis is that the changes in the credibility of the WHO, and the UN, and demands for reforms date back to the last decade of the 20th century and are closely related to issues related to global, general and sectoral, governance, which, by its turn, are linked to the transformations of multilateralism and the capitalist world order throughout the post-war and post-cold war. Through a worldsystem critical historical approach, supported by literature review and official WHO documents, the essay concludes that the undermining of the organization and the constant scrutiny to which it has been subjected for decades, beyond occasional failures or 'lack of capacity', result from a dual dynamic, internal and external, imposed by the transformations of the 'new liberal world order' after the cold war, associated with the advance of nationalisms and global capitalism.