Complex life histories predispose aphids to recent abundance declines
Complex life histories predispose aphids to recent abundance declines
复制标题
复杂的生活史使蚜虫近期数量下降
DOI：
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
W. E. Snyder
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Michael S. Crossley;Olivia M. Smith;T. S. Davis;S. Eigenbrode;G. Hartman;D. Lagos;S. Halbert;D. Voegtlin;M. Moran;W. E. Snyder
许多动物在生命阶段的过程中会改变进食习惯，利用不同空间和时间的资源。然而，如果快速的环境变化扰乱了这些转换的时间，复杂的生活史可能会带来新的风险。在这里，我们使用不同群体的食草昆虫、蚜虫的丰度时间序列来寻找与衰退相关的性状和环境特征。我们的元数据集跨越世界三个地区和超过 300 种蚜虫，在 75 个单独地点进行了 10-50 年的追踪。丰度普遍下降，美国中部、美国西北部和英国每年的中位变化分别为-8.3%、-5.6%和-0.1%。相对于能够全年在同一寄主植物或自然区域中生存的物种，每年在寄主植物和农业害虫之间强制交替的蚜虫表现出最大幅度的下降。这表明寄主交替可能会使蚜虫面临气候引起的与其一种或多种寄主植物物种不匹配的物候，并因接触杀虫剂和其他管理措施而产生额外的风险。随着时间的推移，气温升高与蚜虫数量的减少甚至丰度增加有关，特别是在高纬度地区。总而言之，虽然世界变暖似乎有利于某些地方的某些蚜虫物种，但大多数在多种寄主植物之间具有时间敏感性运动的蚜虫物种似乎面临更大的衰退风险。更一般地说，这表明最近人类引起的快速环境变化正在重新平衡与复杂生命史相关的风险和回报。
Many animals change feeding habits as they progress through life stages, exploiting resources that vary in space and time. However, complex life histories may bring new risks if rapid environmental change disrupts the timing of these switches. Here, we use abundance times series for a diverse group of herbivorous insects, aphids, to search for trait and environmental characteristics associated with declines. Our meta dataset spanned three world regions and >300 aphid species, tracked at 75 individual sites for 10–50 years. Abundances were generally falling, with median changes of −8.3%, −5.6%, and −0.1% per year in the central USA, northwestern USA, and United Kingdom, respectively. Aphids that obligately alternated between host plants annually and those that were agricultural pests exhibited the steepest declines, relative to species able to persist on the same host plant year‐round or those in natural areas. This suggests that host alternation might expose aphids to climate‐induced phenology mismatches with one or more of their host plant species, with additional risks from exposure to insecticides and other management efforts. Warming temperatures through time were associated with milder aphid declines or even abundance increases, particularly at higher latitudes. Altogether, while a warming world appeared to benefit some aphid species in some places, most aphid species that had time‐sensitive movements among multiple host plants seemed to face greater risk of decline. More generally, this suggests that recent human‐induced rapid environmental change is rebalancing the risks and rewards associated with complex life histories.
影响因子：
16.8
作者：
Crossley, Michael S.;Meier, Amanda R.;Moran, Matthew D.
通讯作者：
Moran, Matthew D.
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Bass, Chris;Puinean, Alin M.;Williamson, Martin S.
通讯作者：
Williamson, Martin S.
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Rosenberg, Kenneth V.;Dokter, Adriaan M.;Marra, Peter P.
通讯作者：
Marra, Peter P.