Sexually dimorphic effects of prenatal stress on cognition, hormonal responses, and central neurotransmitters
Sexually dimorphic effects of prenatal stress on cognition, hormonal responses, and central neurotransmitters
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DOI：
10.1210/en.2003-1759
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发表时间：
2004-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Luine, VN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bowman, RE;MacLusky, NJ;Luine, VN
妊娠期暴露于压力会导致生理和行为改变，并持续到成年。本研究探讨了产前应激对雄性和雌性大鼠出生后性分化认知、激素和神经化学特征表达的影响。在妊娠第14 - 21天，对妊娠母鼠进行束缚应激，每天3次，每次45 min。对对照组和产前应激组母鼠的后代进行了焦虑相关和认知行为、应激和性腺类固醇激素水平以及选定脑区单胺和代谢物水平的测试。产后睾酮水平（在1和5天测量）没有显着差异，控制和产前强调动物。在成年期，血清皮质酮对压力的反应在产前强调女性减弱，消除了性别差异通常观察到在这个参数。产前强调女性表现出更高的焦虑水平，证明了较长的开放领域进入潜伏期。产前压力对物体识别记忆没有影响，但消除了通常在男性空间记忆任务中看到的优势。产前应激女性的神经化学特征在前额叶皮层、杏仁核和海马中向阳性表型改变。因此，产前压力改变了随后的认知，内分泌和神经化学反应的性别特异性的方式。这些数据强化了产前压力影响大脑发育的多个方面，干扰正常行为，神经内分泌和神经化学性别差异的表达。这些数据的影响，产前压力的发展性二态性内分泌和神经系统疾病。
Exposure to stress during gestation results in physiological and behavioral alterations that persist into adulthood. This study examined the effects of prenatal stress on the postnatal expression of sexually differentiated cognitive, hormonal, and neurochemical profiles in male and female rats. Pregnant dams were subjected to restraint stress three times daily for 45 min during d 14 - 21 of pregnancy. The offspring of control and prenatally stressed dams were tested for anxiety-related and cognitive behaviors, stress and gonadal steroid hormone levels, as well as monoamines and metabolite levels in selected brain regions. Postnatal testosterone levels ( measured at 1 and 5 d) did not differ between controls and prenatally stressed animals. In adulthood, the serum corticosterone response to stress was attenuated in prenatally stressed females, eliminating the sex difference normally observed in this parameter. Prenatally stressed females exhibited higher anxiety levels, evidenced by longer open field entry latencies. Prenatal stress had no effect on object recognition memory, but eliminated the advantage normally seen in the male performance of a spatial memory task. Neurochemical profiles of prenatally stressed females were altered toward the masculine phenotype in the prefrontal cortex, amygdala, and hippocampus. Thus, prenatal stress altered subsequent cognitive, endocrine, and neurochemical responses in a sex-specific manner. These data reinforce the view that prenatal stress affects multiple aspects of brain development, interfering with the expression of normal behavioral, neuroendocrine, and neurochemical sex differences. These data have implications for the effects of prenatal stress on the development of sexually dimorphic endocrine and neurological disorders.