Time trends and transplacental transfer of perfluorinated compounds in melon-headed whales stranded along the Japanese coast in 1982, 2001/2002, and 2006
Time trends and transplacental transfer of perfluorinated compounds in melon-headed whales stranded along the Japanese coast in 1982, 2001/2002, and 2006
复制标题
DOI：
10.1021/es801224v
复制
发表时间：
2008-10-01
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Tanabe, Shinsuke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hart, Kimberly;Kannan, Kurunthachalam;Tanabe, Shinsuke
由于主要生产商逐步淘汰全氟辛烷磺酰基化合物的生产，自 2000 年代初以来，北美和欧洲沿海水域的海洋哺乳动物中全氟辛烷磺酸 (PFOS) 的浓度一直在下降。然而，亚洲沿海水域海洋哺乳动物中全氟化合物 (PFC) 浓度的时间趋势尚未得到研究。在这项研究中，从过去 25 年发生的 3 次大规模搁浅事件中沿日本海岸收集的瓜头鲸 (Peponocephala electra) 的肝脏中测定了 PFC。对 1982 年、2001/2002 年和 2006 年搁浅期间收集的 48 头瓜头鲸肝脏中的 9 种 PFC 浓度进行了测定。此外，还比较了从两只怀孕雌性及其胎儿获得的肝脏组织中的浓度，以确定妊娠期间 PFC 的经胎盘转移率。全氟辛烷磺酸和全氟辛烷磺酰胺 (PFOSA) 是 1982 年收集的瓜头鲸肝脏中发现的主要 PFC（n = 22）。在 2001/2002 年（In = 21）和 2006 年（n = 5）收集的鲸鱼中发现了 PFOS、PFOSA、全氟十一烷酸 (PFUnDA)、全氟十二烷酸 (PFDoDA)、全氟癸酸 (PFDA) 和全氟壬酸 (PFNA)。 2001/2002 年，全氟辛烷磺酸和全氟辛酸的浓度比 1982 年高出约 10 倍。虽然从 2001/2002 年到 2006 年，全氟辛烷磺酸的浓度下降了 2 倍，但全氟辛烷磺酸和全氟羧酸盐的浓度在 2001/2002 年之后没有下降。相反，从 2001/2002 年到 2006 年，PFNA 和 PFDA 的浓度显着增加。全氟烷基磺酸盐占 PFC 总浓度的比例从 1982 年的 75% 下降到 2006 年的 51%。相反，全氟羧酸盐占 PFC 总浓度的比例从 1982 年的 25% 增加到 2006 年的 49%。 2000年后收集的鲸鱼肝脏中发现的主要全氟羧酸盐。对母胎配对样本的分析表明，PFCs的经胎盘转移率高于PCBs和PBDEs。
As a result of the phase-out of production of perfluorooctanesulfonyl-based compounds by a major producer, concentrations of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) in marine mammals from North American and European coastal waters have been declining since the early 2000s. Nevertheless, temporal trends in perfluorochemical (PFC) concentrations in marine mammals from Asian coastal waters have not been examined. In this study, PFCs were determined in livers of melon-headed whales (Peponocephala electra) collected along the coast of Japan, from three mass strandings that occurred during the past 25 years. Concentrations of nine PFCs were determined in livers of 48 melon-headed whales that were collected during strandings in 1982, 2001/2002, and 2006. In addition, concentrations in liver tissues obtained from two pregnant females and their fetuses were compared for determination of transplacental transfer rates of PFCs during gestation. PFOS and perfluorooctanesulfonamide (PFOSA) were the predominant PFCs found in livers of melon-headed whales collected in 1982 (n = 22). PFOS, PFOSA, perfluoroundecanoate (PFUnDA), perfluorododecanoate (PFDoDA), perfluorodecanoate (PFDA), and perfluorononanoate (PFNA) were found in whales collected in 2001/2002 In = 21) and in 2006 (n = 5). Concentrations of PFOS and PFOSA were approximately 10-fold higher in 2001/2002 than in 1982. Whereas concentrations of PFOSA then declined by 2-fold from 2001/2002 to 2006, concentrations of PFOS and perfluorocarboxylates did not decline after 2001/2002. Conversely, concentrations of PFNA and PFDA increased significantly from 2001/2002 to 2006. The proportion of perfluoroalkylsulfonates in total PFC concentrations decreased from 75% in 1982 to 51% in 2006. Conversely,the contribution of perfluorocarboxylates to total PFC concentrations increased from 25% in 1982 to 49% in 2006. PFUnDA was the major perfluorocarboxylate found in whale livers collected after 2000. Analysis of paired samples of mother-fetus demonstrated that the transplacental transfer rates of PFCs were higher than those for PCBs and PBDEs.