Age and forgetfulness: Can stereotypes be modified?
Age and forgetfulness: Can stereotypes be modified?
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DOI：
10.1080/036012799267710
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发表时间：
1999-07-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Szuchman, LT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guo, XH;Erber, JT;Szuchman, LT
90名年轻人和73名年长的感知者阅读了一份采访剧本，剧本中有一个健忘的年轻目标，也有一个健忘的老目标。然后，感知者将他们对目标记忆的看法，以及他们将目标记忆缺陷归因于能力不足和努力不足的程度进行评分。在阅读剧本之前，三分之一的受试者阅读了一篇文章，声称记忆力随着年龄的增长而下降，三分之一的人阅读了一篇文章，声称记忆力随着年龄的增长保持不变，三分之一的人没有阅读任何文章。阅读记忆力下降文章的年轻人将记忆力下降更多地归因于老年人缺乏能力，而不是年轻的目标。这一结果表明，年轻人对记忆和年龄的刻板印象可以通过接触书面信息来改变。
Ninety young and 73 older perceivers read an interview script with a forgetful young target or a forgetful old target. Then perceivers rated their opinion of the target's memory and also the extent to which they would attribute the target's memory failures to lack of ability and to lack of effort. Prior to reading the script, one third of the perceivers read an article stating that memory declines with age, one third read an article stating that memory stays constant with age, and one third read no article. Young perceivers who read the memory decline article attributed memory failures to lack of ability more for the old than for the young target. This result suggests that the stereotype held by young perceivers about memory and age can, be modified by exposure to written information.