Statistical Properties of Soft X-Ray Emission of Solar Flares
Statistical Properties of Soft X-Ray Emission of Solar Flares
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DOI：
10.3847/1538-4357/ab06c3
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发表时间：
2018-10
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
V. Sadykov;A. Kosovichev;I. Kitiashvili;A. Frolov
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作者：
V. Sadykov;A. Kosovichev;I. Kitiashvili;A. Frolov
我们提出了一个统计分析的软X射线（SXR）发射，等离子体温度（T）和发射测量（EM）的属性，来自地球同步业务环境卫星观测耀斑在2002-2017年。使用基于温度和EM的背景减除算法获得温度和EM，即使对于弱B级耀斑事件，该算法也提供可靠的结果以及不确定性。超过96%的耀斑表现出T，SXR和EM极大值的顺序出现，与色球蒸发过程的预期行为一致。这种耀斑的相对数量随着SXR通量最大值的增加而增加。对于B级耀斑，SXR极大值在时间上比≥ C级耀斑更接近T极大值，而对于M级和X级耀斑，SXR极大值非常接近EM极大值。如果SXR和T最大值之间的时间间隔至少比EM和SXR最大值之间的时间间隔短两倍，则我们将耀斑定义为“T控制”，如果EM和SXR最大值之间的时间间隔至少比SXR和T最大值之间的时间间隔短两倍，则定义为“EM控制”。对于任何考虑的耀斑类范围，与EM控制事件相比，T控制事件具有：（a）较高的EM但较低的T;（B）较长的持续时间和较短的相对增长时间;以及（c）较长的FWHM和特征衰减时间。这些统计结果的解释的基础上分析的一个单一的循环动力学表明，对于耀斑的同类范围内，T控制的事件可以发展在更长的循环比EM控制的事件。
We present a statistical analysis of properties of Soft X-Ray (SXR) emission, plasma temperature (T), and emission measure (EM), derived from Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite observations of flares in 2002–2017. The temperature and EMs are obtained using the Temperature and EM-based Background Subtraction algorithm, which delivers reliable results together with uncertainties even for weak B-class flare events. More than 96% of flares demonstrate a sequential appearance of T, SXR, and EM maxima, in agreement with the expected behavior of the chromospheric evaporation process. The relative number of such flares increases with increasing the SXR flux maximum. The SXR maximum is closer in time to the T maximum for B-class flares than for ≥C-class flares, while it is very close to the EM maximum for M- and X-class flares. We define flares as “T-controlled” if the time interval between the SXR and T maxima is at least two times shorter than the interval between the EM and SXR maxima, and as “EM-controlled” if the time interval between the EM and SXR maxima is at least two times shorter than the interval between the SXR and T maxima. For any considered flare class range, the T-controlled events compared to EM-controlled events have: (a) higher EM but lower T; (b) longer durations and shorter relative growth times; and (c) longer FWHM and characteristic decay times. Interpretation of these statistical results based on analysis of a single loop dynamics suggests that for flares of the same class range, the T-controlled events can be developed in longer loops than the EM-controlled events.