Emergency therapy of asthma: comparison of the acute effects of parenteral and inhaled sympathomimetics and infused aminophylline.
Emergency therapy of asthma: comparison of the acute effects of parenteral and inhaled sympathomimetics and infused aminophylline.
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DOI：
10.1164/arrd.1980.122.3.365
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发表时间：
1980-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Rossing;C. Fanta;D. H. Goldstein;J. Snapper;E. Mcfadden
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Rossing;C. Fanta;D. H. Goldstein;J. Snapper;E. Mcfadden
48 名出现哮喘急性发作的患者被随机分配接受皮下注射肾上腺素、吸入异丙肾上腺素或静脉注射氨茶碱治疗。通过临床和肺活量测定对患者的病史进行随访。尽管治疗前各组之间的任何测量变量均无显着差异，但在 1 小时结束时，接受肾上腺素 (0.76 L) 或雾化异丙肾上腺素 (0.79 L) 治疗的患者的平均一秒用力呼气量 (FEV1) 改善明显大于接受氨茶碱 (0.23 L) 治疗的患者。同样，接受氨茶碱治疗的患者（5.4 小时）从急诊室出院前所需的平均治疗时间明显长于接受肾上腺素（3.5 小时）或异异丙醇（3.0 小时）治疗的患者。 2种β受体激动剂的作用之间没有显着差异。这些结果表明，短效拟交感神经药比静脉内施用甲基黄嘌呤类药物对急性哮喘患者产生更快速、更有效的支气管扩张作用，并且使用吸入型β受体激动剂比肠胃外施用的β受体激动剂没有任何缺点。
Forty-eight patients who presented with acute episodes of asthma were randomized to treatment with subcutaneously administered epinephrine, inhaled isoproterenol, or intravenously administered aminophylline. The patients' couses were followed clinically and with spirometry. Although there were no significant differences between the groups before treatment for any measured variable, at the end of 1 hour, the mean improvement inforced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) was significantly greater for patients treated with epinephrine (0.76 L) or nebulized isoproterenol (0.79 L) than for those given aminophylline (0.23 L). Similarly, the mean duration of therapy required before discharge from the emergency room was significantly longer for patients receiving aminophylline (5.4 h) than for patients treated with either epinephrine (3.5 h) or isisoproeternol (3.0 h). There was no significant differences between the effects of the 2 beta agonists. These results demonstrated that short-acting sympathomimtic agents produce more rapid and potent bronchodilatation in acutely ill asthmatics than that provided by intravenously administered methylxanthines, and that there are no disadvantages to using an inhaled beta agonist rather than one administered parenterally.